Estrategias docentes que promueve el desarrollo del pensamiento numérico en estudiantes de primer grado de primaria, en una institución educativa en Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El pensamiento numérico ayuda a comprender la estructura matemática y
la importancia de los números en la resolución de problemas en la realidad.
El desarrollo de este concepto es un aprendizaje procesual que va de lo
simple a lo complejo. Por ello, la docente necesita aplicar estrategias para
desarrollar esta habilidad en estudiantes de primer grado de primaria, la
cual le servirá para solucionar problemas de su cotidianidad. En ese
sentido, se plantea como problema ¿cuáles son las estrategias docentes
que promueven el desarrollo del pensamiento numérico en estudiantes de
1er grado de primaria, en una institución educativa privada en Lima
Metropolitana? Así, el objetivo general es analizar las estrategias docentes
que promueven el desarrollo del pensamiento numérico en estudiantes de
1er grado de primaria. Por consiguiente, se establecen dos objetivos
específicos, estos son identificar la noción de construcción del pensamiento
numérico del docente y describir el modo en que se implementan
estrategias docentes. Así pues, la metodología del estudio es de enfoque
cualitativo y tipo descriptiva, ya que se busca comprender la forma en que
interactúan los objetos de estudio en los y las estudiantes de primer grado
para explicarlo a detalle. Para recoger la información, se usó las técnicas
de observación y entrevista de tipo semiestructurada. Algunos hallazgos
fueron que las docentes de primer grado tienen una noción de número y
sus representaciones, aquellas que toman en cuenta para desarrollar el
pensamiento numérico en estudiantes de primer grado y aplican estrategias
docentes para enseñarlo, de manera espontánea.
Numerical thinking helps to understand the mathematical structure and the importance of numbers in solving real-world problems. The development of this concept is a processual learning that goes from the simple to the complex. Therefore, it is necessary for the teacher to apply strategies to develop this skill in first grade students, which will help them to solve everyday problems. In this sense, the problem is: what are the teaching strategies that promote the development of numerical thinking in 1st grade students of a private educational institution in Metropolitan Lima? Thus, the general objective is to analyze the teaching strategies that promote the development of numerical thinking in 1st grade students. Therefore, two specific objectives are established, these are to identify the notion of construction of numerical thinking by the teacher and to describe the way in which teaching strategies are implemented. Thus, the methodology of the study is qualitative and descriptive, since it seeks to understand the way in which the objects of study interact in first grade students in order to explain it in detail. The techniques of observation and semi-structured interviews were used to collect the information. Some findings were that first grade teachers have a notion of number and its representations, which they take into account to develop numerical thinking in first grade students and apply didactic strategies to teach it spontaneously.
Numerical thinking helps to understand the mathematical structure and the importance of numbers in solving real-world problems. The development of this concept is a processual learning that goes from the simple to the complex. Therefore, it is necessary for the teacher to apply strategies to develop this skill in first grade students, which will help them to solve everyday problems. In this sense, the problem is: what are the teaching strategies that promote the development of numerical thinking in 1st grade students of a private educational institution in Metropolitan Lima? Thus, the general objective is to analyze the teaching strategies that promote the development of numerical thinking in 1st grade students. Therefore, two specific objectives are established, these are to identify the notion of construction of numerical thinking by the teacher and to describe the way in which teaching strategies are implemented. Thus, the methodology of the study is qualitative and descriptive, since it seeks to understand the way in which the objects of study interact in first grade students in order to explain it in detail. The techniques of observation and semi-structured interviews were used to collect the information. Some findings were that first grade teachers have a notion of number and its representations, which they take into account to develop numerical thinking in first grade students and apply didactic strategies to teach it spontaneously.
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Matemáticas--Estudio y enseñanza (Primaria), Aprendizaje (Educación)--Metodología, Educación primaria--Investigaciones--Perú--Lima
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