¿Tocando fondo?: la caducidad como causal de anulación del laudo arbitral en el arbitraje nacional
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En el arbitraje, una de las premisas principales es la prohibición de la revisión
del fondo de la controversia mediante el control judicial del laudo arbitral. Esta
característica es la consecuencia lógica de la sustracción de la justicia estatal
para resolver las controversias mediante este otro mecanismo. Sin embargo, el
acatamiento de esta prohibición es más difícil de lo que parece, especialmente
cuando hay zonas grises en las cuales los jueces pueden interpretar un campo
de acción más amplio.
Una figura que puede convertirse en la llave para que un juez de anulación
extienda su ejercicio de control es la caducidad. Esta se basa en principios como
el orden público y la seguridad jurídica, los cuales predisponen a una
observancia necesaria, durante y después del proceso arbitral. A la vez, la
caducidad se suele encuadrar en un grupo de cuestiones denominadas
excepciones.
Tomando en cuenta las características mencionadas, los jueces de anulación
han formulado propuestas sobre la incorporación de la caducidad como parte de
su control, más tendientes a su aceptación. Sin embargo, algunas de estas distan
entre sí en una cuestión específica: la revisión del fondo de la controversia.
Mientras algunos pronunciamientos admiten que la caducidad puede justificar
esta revisión, otros señalan que no es una cuestión perteneciente al fondo.
En el presente trabajo, se abordará esa variedad de posiciones con el objetivo
de desarrollar una propuesta de tratamiento de la caducidad en el control del
laudo arbitral, que tome en cuenta las normas y principios coexistentes.
In arbitration, one of the main premises is the prohibition of reviewing the merits of the dispute through judicial review of the arbitral award. This feature is the logical consequence of removing state courts from the process of resolving disputes through this alternative mechanism. However, compliance with this prohibition is more difficult than it seems, especially when there are gray areas where judges can interpret a broader scope of action. One concept that can become key for an annulment judge to extend their review is the statute of limitations. This is based on principles such as public policy and legal certainty, which predispose judges to its necessary observance during and after the arbitral proceedings. At the same time, the statute of limitations is usually classified as an exception. Considering the mentioned features, annulment judges have formulated proposals for incorporating the statute of limitations as part of their review, proposals that are more likely to be accepted. However, some of these proposals differ on one specific issue: the review of the merits of the dispute. While some opinions acknowledge that the statute of limitations may justify this review, others argue that it is not a substantive issue. In this paper, we will address this variety of positions with the aim of developing a proposal for the treatment of the expiry in the control of the arbitral award, taking into account the coexisting rules and principles.
In arbitration, one of the main premises is the prohibition of reviewing the merits of the dispute through judicial review of the arbitral award. This feature is the logical consequence of removing state courts from the process of resolving disputes through this alternative mechanism. However, compliance with this prohibition is more difficult than it seems, especially when there are gray areas where judges can interpret a broader scope of action. One concept that can become key for an annulment judge to extend their review is the statute of limitations. This is based on principles such as public policy and legal certainty, which predispose judges to its necessary observance during and after the arbitral proceedings. At the same time, the statute of limitations is usually classified as an exception. Considering the mentioned features, annulment judges have formulated proposals for incorporating the statute of limitations as part of their review, proposals that are more likely to be accepted. However, some of these proposals differ on one specific issue: the review of the merits of the dispute. While some opinions acknowledge that the statute of limitations may justify this review, others argue that it is not a substantive issue. In this paper, we will address this variety of positions with the aim of developing a proposal for the treatment of the expiry in the control of the arbitral award, taking into account the coexisting rules and principles.
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Caducidad (Derecho)--Perú, Procedimiento administrativo--Legislación--Perú, Nulidad (Derecho), Arbitraje y laudo--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
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