Liderazgo y roles de género en estudiantes de carreras vinculadas a recursos humanos
Date
2017-07-21
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar los roles de género y estilos de
liderazgo asignados a personas en altos puestos directivos por parte de un grupo de
estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima. La muestra está conformada por 122
estudiantes, quienes describieron a una persona directora ejecutiva, un hombre director
ejecutivo o una mujer directora ejecutiva, dependiendo del grupo de trabajo al que
fueron asignados. Con el fin de lograr los objetivos planteados se utilizó la Escala de
Estereotipos de Roles Sexuales de Raguz (1991) y el Cuestionario Multifactorial de
Liderazgo 5X de Bass y Avolio (2000). Los resultados mostraron que el campo del
liderazgo continúa siendo masculino, aun cuando no existen diferencias entre los estilos
de liderazgo ejercidos por hombres y mujeres. Por esta razón, tanto los hombres como
mujeres con características masculinas generan una mayor intención de contratación
que aquellos con características femeninas. También se observa que las mujeres en
puestos de liderazgo presentan una incongruencia entre su rol de género y su rol social.
The aim of this study is to identify the gender roles and leadership styles that are given to high level managers by a group of students of Lima (Peru). The sample consists in 122 students, who described an executive director, a male executive director or a female executive director, depending on which of the three work groups they were assigned. The measurement scales used were the Sexual Roles Stereotype Scale (Raguz, 1991) and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5X (Bass & Avolio, 2000). The results show that leadership continues to be masculine, even though there are no significant differences between leadership styles of men and women. For that reason, men and women with masculine characteristics are more likely to be hired than those with feminine characteristics. This study also shows that women in leadership positions go through incongruence between their gender role and their social role as leaders.
The aim of this study is to identify the gender roles and leadership styles that are given to high level managers by a group of students of Lima (Peru). The sample consists in 122 students, who described an executive director, a male executive director or a female executive director, depending on which of the three work groups they were assigned. The measurement scales used were the Sexual Roles Stereotype Scale (Raguz, 1991) and the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire 5X (Bass & Avolio, 2000). The results show that leadership continues to be masculine, even though there are no significant differences between leadership styles of men and women. For that reason, men and women with masculine characteristics are more likely to be hired than those with feminine characteristics. This study also shows that women in leadership positions go through incongruence between their gender role and their social role as leaders.
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Keywords
Género, Mujeres ejecutivas, Roles sexuales, Liderazgo, Estudiantes universitarios--Investigaciones
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