“Análisis de las características de gestión e implementación del programa de Qali Warma y su contribución en el estado de salud y aprendizaje de los escolares de la Institución Educativa N° 86289 “Virgen de Natividad” del distrito de Amashca, provincia de Carhuaz, Ancash en el año 2014-2015”
Date
2017-09-20
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Para que la niñez logre desarrollar sus capacidades y ser útiles a la sociedad
requieren condiciones básicas adecuadas, una de ellas la alimentación de calidad,
que es pilar fundamental para lograr el desarrollo cognitivo y crecimiento idóneo; la
realidad en las zonas rurales del país muestra a la alimentación de calidad como un
privilegio. La investigación tiene como finalidad conocer la contribución del Programa
Nacional de Alimentación Escolar Qali Warma en los indicadores de salud y educación
de los escolares de la I.E. N° 86289 “Virgen de Natividad” del distrito de Amashca en
los años 2014 y 2015.
La investigación parte de conceptos teóricos sobre política social: interculturalidad,
seguridad alimentaria, desarrollo humano y capital social, un marco normativo basado
en el derecho a la alimentación, y el conocimiento sobre el desarrollo integral del niño,
capacidades, inclusión social y el derecho a la salud.
Se ha utilizado el enfoque cualitativo, mediante la aplicación de entrevistas semi
estructuradas, cuestionarios, revisión, análisis documental de los beneficiarios, que
permiten identificar características, procesos de gestión, implementación, ejecución,
además de conocer la percepción de la población sobre el programa.
La investigación muestra que la anemia se ha reducido, la desnutrición crónica se
muestra invariable, en el aspecto educativo, los docentes manifiestan mejoras en la
atención a clases desde de la complementación alimenticia. Se resalta la importancia
de la cogestión dentro de la comunidad educativa.
Las conclusiones muestran mejoras en salud y educación; el tema cultural, los hábitos
y educación familiar, son aspectos que pueden limitar el logro de los objetivos del
programa, respecto a las recomendaciones se proponen actividades que permitan
formar capacidades en los miembros involucrados, así como de formar documentos
de consulta en la fase de preparación de los alimentos que permite a aprovechar el
potencial nutricional de los alimentos y consecuentemente su salud y aprendizaje.
In order for children to develop their capabilities and be useful to society, they require adequate basic conditions, one of which is quality nutrition, which is a fundamental pillar for achieving cognitive development and optimal growth, the reality rural areas of the country is that access to quality food is a privilege. The research aims to understand the contributions of the National Program of School Feeding Qali Warma in the indicators of health and education of students of the I.E. N° 86289 “Virgin of Nativity” in the district of Amashca for the years 2014 and 2015. The research stars from theoretical concepts on social policy: interculturality, food security, human development and social capital, a normative framework based on the right to food, and knowledge on the integral development of children, capabilities, social inclusion, and the right to health. A qualitative approach has been used, through the application of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, reviews, and documentary analysis of the beneficiaries that aim to identify characteristics, management processes, implementation, execution, and to understand the perception of the population about the program. Research shows that anemia has declined and chronic malnutrition is unchanged. In the educational aspect, teachers observe improved attention in classes from food supplementation. The importance of co-management within the educational community is highlighted. The findings show improvements in health and education; the cultural theme, habits and family education, are aspects that can limit the achievement of the program objectives, with respect to the recommendations, they propose activities that allow training with the involved members, as well as to form consultation documents in the phase of food preparation that allows them to take advantage of the nutritional potential of food, and consequently their health and learning.
In order for children to develop their capabilities and be useful to society, they require adequate basic conditions, one of which is quality nutrition, which is a fundamental pillar for achieving cognitive development and optimal growth, the reality rural areas of the country is that access to quality food is a privilege. The research aims to understand the contributions of the National Program of School Feeding Qali Warma in the indicators of health and education of students of the I.E. N° 86289 “Virgin of Nativity” in the district of Amashca for the years 2014 and 2015. The research stars from theoretical concepts on social policy: interculturality, food security, human development and social capital, a normative framework based on the right to food, and knowledge on the integral development of children, capabilities, social inclusion, and the right to health. A qualitative approach has been used, through the application of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, reviews, and documentary analysis of the beneficiaries that aim to identify characteristics, management processes, implementation, execution, and to understand the perception of the population about the program. Research shows that anemia has declined and chronic malnutrition is unchanged. In the educational aspect, teachers observe improved attention in classes from food supplementation. The importance of co-management within the educational community is highlighted. The findings show improvements in health and education; the cultural theme, habits and family education, are aspects that can limit the achievement of the program objectives, with respect to the recommendations, they propose activities that allow training with the involved members, as well as to form consultation documents in the phase of food preparation that allows them to take advantage of the nutritional potential of food, and consequently their health and learning.
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Keywords
Programas sociales--Perú--Ancash, Escolares--Nutrición--Perú
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