Conocimientos, prácticas y percepciones de cuidadores principales de niñas y niños de 6 a 36 meses sobre las prácticas de alimentación que promueve el Programa Nacional Cuna Másen contexto no presencial en la Unidad Territorial Lima Metropolitana durante el año 2021
Date
2023-12-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La pandemia por la Covid-19 generó muchos cambios en la vida de las personas
alrededor del mundo, pero también impactó en las políticas públicas y privadas,
en los sistemas de salud, educación, en la economía y otros. Debido a ello, el
Programa Nacional Cuna Más tuvo que adaptar su atención a un contexto no
presencial con la finalidad de continuar la atención de las niñas y los niños para
contribuir a su desarrollo infantil.
Ante ello, la presente investigación tiene el objetivo de analizar los
conocimientos, prácticas y percepciones de los cuidadores principales de niñas
y niños de 6 a 36 meses sobre las prácticas de alimentación que promueve el
Servicio de Cuidado Diurno del Programa Nacional Cuna Más, en contexto no
presencial.
Para ello, se ha desarrollado un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, mediante un
estudio de caso. Para el levantamiento de información, se aplicaron dos técnicas:
entrevista semiestructurada y observación directa. La primera fue aplicada a las
madres de niñas y niños, madre cuidadora y acompañante técnico. La segunda
se aplicó en el domicilio de las madres.
Entre los resultados se encontró que las mamás participantes del estudio tenían
conocimientos respecto a las prácticas de alimentación promovidas por el
Programa en temas como lactancia materna, anemia, suplementación con hierro
y alimentación complementaria. Asimismo, mostraron gratitud y sentimientos de
alegría por la intervención recibida durante la pandemia.
No obstante, se identificaron prácticas que requieren ser reforzadas como el
lavado de manos y la alimentación responsiva.
The Covid-19 pandemic generated many changes in the lives of people around the world, but it also impacted public and private policies, health systems, education, the economy, and others. Due to this, the Cuna Más National Program had to adapt its attention to a non-presence context with the purpose of continuing the care of girls and boys to contribute to their child development. Before it, this research aims to analyze the knowledge, practices and perceptions of the Primary Caregivers of girls and boys from 6 to 36 months on the feeding practices promoted by “The Diurnal Care Service” of the Cuna Más National Program in non-presence context. For this, a qualitative, descriptive study has been developed, through a case study. For the gathering of information, two techniques were applied: semistructured interview and direct observation. The first was applied to the mothers of girls and boys, Mother Caregiver and Technical Assistant. The second was applied at the home of the mothers. Among the results, it was found that the mothers participating in the study had knowledge regarding the feeding practices promoted by the Program in topics such as breastfeeding, anemia, iron supplementation and complementary feeding. Likewise, they showed gratitude and feelings of happiness by the intervention received during the pandemic. However, it was identified practices that need to be reinforced such as hand washing, and responsive eating.
The Covid-19 pandemic generated many changes in the lives of people around the world, but it also impacted public and private policies, health systems, education, the economy, and others. Due to this, the Cuna Más National Program had to adapt its attention to a non-presence context with the purpose of continuing the care of girls and boys to contribute to their child development. Before it, this research aims to analyze the knowledge, practices and perceptions of the Primary Caregivers of girls and boys from 6 to 36 months on the feeding practices promoted by “The Diurnal Care Service” of the Cuna Más National Program in non-presence context. For this, a qualitative, descriptive study has been developed, through a case study. For the gathering of information, two techniques were applied: semistructured interview and direct observation. The first was applied to the mothers of girls and boys, Mother Caregiver and Technical Assistant. The second was applied at the home of the mothers. Among the results, it was found that the mothers participating in the study had knowledge regarding the feeding practices promoted by the Program in topics such as breastfeeding, anemia, iron supplementation and complementary feeding. Likewise, they showed gratitude and feelings of happiness by the intervention received during the pandemic. However, it was identified practices that need to be reinforced such as hand washing, and responsive eating.
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Keywords
Desarrollo infantil--Perú, Niños--Programas sociales--Perú, Niños--Política social--Perú, Albergues infantiles--Perú
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