Mecanismos con los que cuenta el Tribunal Administrativo de Solución de Reclamos de los Usuarios de Servicios de Saneamiento para establecer criterios resolutivos
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
Los Tribunales Administrativos que, en última instancia administrativa, resuelven
reclamos de usuarios de servicios públicos, tienen mecanismos para establecer criterios
al momento de ejercer su función resolutiva.
El primer mecanismo es la resolución de caso por caso de manera independiente; sin
embargo, cuando el Organismo Regulador se enfrenta a una gran cantidad de reclamos,
este mecanismo ya no resulta muy eficiente.
El segundo mecanismo es la automatización, entendida como determinar tipologías de
reclamos comunes, medios probatorios comunes a la tipología, análisis exhaustivo de los
medios probatorios y los ámbitos de responsabilidad, la cual está destinada a dar una
respuesta similar a un gran número de casos similares. Es en este ámbito que cobra
importancia los Lineamientos Resolutivos.
Con la automatización el Tribunal Administrativo puede resolver una gran cantidad de
reclamos y generar eficiencias al interior de su funcionamiento. Sin embargo, cuando los
criterios resolutivos necesitan ser exteriorizados de manera transparente para los actores
y que éstos sean considerados vinculantes, se presenta el tercer mecanismo, el precedente
de observancia obligatoria.
El presente trabajo de investigación se enfoca en el análisis de estos 3 mecanismos con
los que cuentan los Tribunales Administrativos que resuelven reclamos, y para delimitar
el ámbito de estudio nos vamos a enfocar en el Tribunal Administrativo de Solución de
Reclamos de los Usuarios de Servicios de Saneamiento - TRASS.
The Administrative Tribunals, which ultimately resolve complaints from public service users, have mechanisms to establish criteria when exercising their decision-making function. The first mechanism is the independent resolution of each case individually; however, when the Regulatory Body faces a large number of complaints, this mechanism is no longer very efficient. The second mechanism is automation, understood as determining common claim typologies, common evidentiary means for each typology, exhaustive analysis of the evidentiary means, and areas of responsibility. This is intended to provide a similar response to a large number of similar cases. It is in this context that the Resolution Guidelines become important. With automation, the Administrative Tribunal can resolve a large number of claims and generate efficiencies within its operations. However, when the resolution criteria need to be communicated transparently to the stakeholders and considered binding, the third mechanism comes into play: the binding precedent. This research focuses on the analysis of these three mechanisms available to the Administrative Tribunals that resolve claims. To define the scope of the study, we will focus on the Administrative Tribunal for the Resolution of Claims from Users of Sanitation Services - TRASS.
The Administrative Tribunals, which ultimately resolve complaints from public service users, have mechanisms to establish criteria when exercising their decision-making function. The first mechanism is the independent resolution of each case individually; however, when the Regulatory Body faces a large number of complaints, this mechanism is no longer very efficient. The second mechanism is automation, understood as determining common claim typologies, common evidentiary means for each typology, exhaustive analysis of the evidentiary means, and areas of responsibility. This is intended to provide a similar response to a large number of similar cases. It is in this context that the Resolution Guidelines become important. With automation, the Administrative Tribunal can resolve a large number of claims and generate efficiencies within its operations. However, when the resolution criteria need to be communicated transparently to the stakeholders and considered binding, the third mechanism comes into play: the binding precedent. This research focuses on the analysis of these three mechanisms available to the Administrative Tribunals that resolve claims. To define the scope of the study, we will focus on the Administrative Tribunal for the Resolution of Claims from Users of Sanitation Services - TRASS.
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Servicios públicos--Legislación--Perú, Administración de conflictos, Negociación en la empresa