Sentido de comunidad desde las Ocupaciones Colectivas de personas mayores en situación de calle residentes en un Refugio Temporal
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación es una sistematización de experiencias cuyo objetivo
principal es comprender el proceso de construcción del sentido de comunidad desde
las ocupaciones colectivas de personas mayores que estuvieron en situación de calle
y residieron en un Refugio Temporal durante la pandemia.
La metodología se basa en una sistematización de experiencias, con énfasis en la
recuperación, organización y análisis de experiencias significativas desde la
perspectiva de sus protagonistas. Para ello, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas
a ocho personas mayores, tres talleres grupales y una descripción detallada en un
diario de campo. El análisis de la información se desarrolló a partir del análisis
temático, lo cual permitió identificar categorías emergentes que dieran cuenta de los
sentidos construidos en torno a la experiencia vivida.
Los hallazgos señalan como momentos clave la transición de la calle al Refugio, el
proceso de integración, la participación en ocupaciones colectivas y el cierre de la
estrategia Refugio Temporal. Las conclusiones destacan que las ocupaciones
colectivas contribuyen al bienestar psicosocial de las personas mayores y facilitan el
surgimiento de un sentido de comunidad basado en los componentes de membresía,
influencia, integración y conexión emocional. No obstante, dicho proceso se vio
afectado con el cierre del Refugio y el posterior traslado de las personas mayores a
un Centro de Atención para Personas Adultas Mayores (CEAPAM), donde prevaleció
un enfoque más asistencial.
This research is a systematization of experiences whose main objective is to understand the process of building a sense of community through the collective occupations of older adults who experienced homelessness and resided in a Temporary Shelter during the pandemic. The methodology is based on the systematization of experiences, emphasizing the recovery, organization, and analysis of meaningful experiences from the perspective of the participants themselves. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight older adults, three group workshops were held, and a detailed field diary was kept. Data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis, which allowed for the identification of emerging categories that reflect the meanings constructed around the lived experience. The findings highlight key moments such as the transition from street life to the Shelter, the integration process, participation in collective occupations, and the closure of the Temporary Shelter strategy. The conclusions emphasize that collective occupations contribute to the psychosocial wellbeing of older adults and foster the development of a sense of community, based on the components of membership, influence, integration, and emotional connection. However, this process was disrupted by the closure of the Shelter and the subsequent transfer of the residents to a Center for the Care of Older Adults (CEAPAM), where a more assistancebased approach prevailed.
This research is a systematization of experiences whose main objective is to understand the process of building a sense of community through the collective occupations of older adults who experienced homelessness and resided in a Temporary Shelter during the pandemic. The methodology is based on the systematization of experiences, emphasizing the recovery, organization, and analysis of meaningful experiences from the perspective of the participants themselves. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight older adults, three group workshops were held, and a detailed field diary was kept. Data analysis was carried out using thematic analysis, which allowed for the identification of emerging categories that reflect the meanings constructed around the lived experience. The findings highlight key moments such as the transition from street life to the Shelter, the integration process, participation in collective occupations, and the closure of the Temporary Shelter strategy. The conclusions emphasize that collective occupations contribute to the psychosocial wellbeing of older adults and foster the development of a sense of community, based on the components of membership, influence, integration, and emotional connection. However, this process was disrupted by the closure of the Shelter and the subsequent transfer of the residents to a Center for the Care of Older Adults (CEAPAM), where a more assistancebased approach prevailed.
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Psicología comunitaria, Psicología social, Adulto mayor--Condiciones sociales
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