Factores que impiden una educación oportuna y pertinente a niños y niñas menores de 6 años en el distrito de Pariacoto de la provincia de Huaraz, Región Ancash
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
¿Qué factores están impidiendo que los niños y niñas menores de 6 años del
distrito de Pariacoto de la provincia de Huaraz, de la Región Ancash, accedan
al derecho de una educación oportuna y pertinente? Esta es la pregunta principal
de esta investigación enmarcada en la gerencia social. La estrategia metodológica es
fundamentalmente cualitativa y, en algunas situaciones, cuantitativa, cuando se
requiere de información estadística sobre la matrícula. A pesar de sus deficiencias y
desafíos, los programas basados en resultados tienen actualmente un impacto
positivo en el desarrollo de la primera infancia, lo que permite centrarse en la primera
infancia (mujeres embarazadas y niños menores de cinco años). La investigación
parte de los enfoques de derechos humanos y de la niñez, del enfoque intercultural
con mirada a la niñez, del enfoque sobre la igualdad de género y del enfoque de
territorialidad que implica considerar los espacios más alejados donde es necesario
contar con la participación de su población para el desarrollo local y territorial.
Un primer hallazgo es que la población infantil supera la oferta de IEI/PRONOEI; y se
basa en contrastar información documentaria desde el 2017 al 2020 relacionada
sobre la matrícula de niños y niñas menores de 6 años al 100%. El siguiente hallazgo
es sobre la valoración positiva de padres y madres de familia sobre la accesibilidad y
la calidad de los PRONOEI/IEI con el Desarrollo Infantil Temprano tanto de parte de
las autoridades como de docentes y promotores educativos; madres de familia
encuestadas tanto en la ciudad del distrito como en los caseríos alejados, manifiestan
cierta satisfacción con el servicio educativo; sin embargo, solicitan contar con
recursos, materiales, juguetes e infraestructura de centros iniciales accesibles y
asequibles que atienda a todos por igual. El último hallazgo es que no existe suficiente
y adecuada consistencia en articulación multisectorial en materia de registro y
matrícula de los niños y niñas menores de 6 años, donde se evidencia que no existe
información sobre el presupuesto por resultados del programa Fondo de Estímulo al
Desempeño (FED) e implicancias, y sobre la cantidad de niños que deben ingresar al
sistema educativo peruano.
What factors are preventing children under 6 years of age in the district of Pariacoto in the province of Huaraz, in the Ancash Region, from accessing the right to timely and relevant education? This is the main question of this research framed in social management. The methodological strategy is fundamentally qualitative and, in some situations, quantitative, when statistical information on enrolment is required. Despite their shortcomings and challenges, outcome-based programs currently have a positive impact on early childhood development, allowing for a focus on early childhood (pregnant women and children under five). The research is based on the approaches of human rights and children, the intercultural approach with a view to children, the focus on gender equality and the territoriality approach that implies considering the most remote spaces where it is necessary to have the participation of their population for local and territorial development. A first finding is that the child population exceeds the offer of IEI/PRONOEI; and it is based on contrasting documentary information from 2017 to 2020 related to the enrollment of children under 6 years of age at 100%. The next finding is about the positive assessment of parents on the accessibility and quality of PRONOEI/IEI with Early Childhood Development both by the authorities and by teachers and educational promoters; mothers surveyed both in the city of the district and in the remote villages, they express a certain satisfaction with the educational service; however, they request to have resources, materials, toys and infrastructure of accessible and affordable initial centers that serve everyone equally. The last finding is that there is not enough and adequate consistency in multisectoral articulation in terms of registration and enrollment of children under 6 years of age, where it is evident that there is no information on the results-based budget of the Performance Stimulus Fund (FED) program and implications, and on the number of children who must enter the Peruvian education system.
What factors are preventing children under 6 years of age in the district of Pariacoto in the province of Huaraz, in the Ancash Region, from accessing the right to timely and relevant education? This is the main question of this research framed in social management. The methodological strategy is fundamentally qualitative and, in some situations, quantitative, when statistical information on enrolment is required. Despite their shortcomings and challenges, outcome-based programs currently have a positive impact on early childhood development, allowing for a focus on early childhood (pregnant women and children under five). The research is based on the approaches of human rights and children, the intercultural approach with a view to children, the focus on gender equality and the territoriality approach that implies considering the most remote spaces where it is necessary to have the participation of their population for local and territorial development. A first finding is that the child population exceeds the offer of IEI/PRONOEI; and it is based on contrasting documentary information from 2017 to 2020 related to the enrollment of children under 6 years of age at 100%. The next finding is about the positive assessment of parents on the accessibility and quality of PRONOEI/IEI with Early Childhood Development both by the authorities and by teachers and educational promoters; mothers surveyed both in the city of the district and in the remote villages, they express a certain satisfaction with the educational service; however, they request to have resources, materials, toys and infrastructure of accessible and affordable initial centers that serve everyone equally. The last finding is that there is not enough and adequate consistency in multisectoral articulation in terms of registration and enrollment of children under 6 years of age, where it is evident that there is no information on the results-based budget of the Performance Stimulus Fund (FED) program and implications, and on the number of children who must enter the Peruvian education system.
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Desarrollo infantil--Perú--Huaraz (Ancash : Provincia), Educación para todos--Perú--Huaraz (Ancash : Provincia), Perú--Política social
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