El régimen de las detracciones : ¿Manifestación arbitraria del poder público del Estado?
Date
2019-06-17
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En la presente investigación se analiza el régimen de las detracciones como
mecanismo de recaudación del Impuesto General a las Ventas, a fin de esclarecer si
estamos ante una manifestación arbitraria del poder público del Estado. Para ello, se
desarrolla los conceptos de arbitrariedad y poder público, según la doctrina y la
jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional, así como los principios de razonabilidad y
de interdicción a la arbitrariedad en el contexto de un Estado Social y Democrático de
Derecho.
Asimismo, se desarrollan los objetivos de las detracciones para aclarar las
características de las detracciones a efectos de determinar su naturaleza jurídica
desde la perspectiva del Tribunal Constitucional y la doctrina. Luego, se profundiza
sobre los principales cuestionamientos realizados por la doctrina para verificar si este
régimen vulnera los principios tributarios constitucionales, así como los derechos
fundamentales de las personas que informan nuestro modelo de Estado de Derecho.
Por último, se aplica el test de proporcionalidad o ponderación entre el principio de
solidaridad: deber de contribuir y el derecho a la propiedad para determinar si la
creación de las detracciones constituye una medida restrictiva razonable y
proporcional para disminuir la evasión fiscal y el incumplimiento tributario. Finalmente,
se analiza si las detracciones podrían constituir una barrera burocrática.
In the present investigation, the regime of detractions is analyzed as a mechanism for collecting the General Sales Tax, in order to clarify whether we are facing an arbitrary manifestation of the State's public power. For this, the concepts of arbitrariness and public power are developed, according to the doctrine and jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, as well as the principles of reasonableness and of interdiction to arbitrariness in the context of a Social and Democratic State of Law. Likewise, the objectives of the drawdowns are developed to clarify the characteristics of the drawdowns in order to determine their legal nature from the perspective of the Constitutional Court and the doctrine. Then, the main questions asked by the doctrine are examined in order to verify if this regime violates the constitutional tax principles, as well as the fundamental rights of the people who inform our model of Rule of Law. Finally, the proportionality or weighting test is applied between the principle of solidarity: duty to contribute and the right to property to determine whether the creation of the drawdowns constitutes a reasonable and proportional restrictive measure to reduce tax evasion and tax non-compliance . Finally, it is analyzed if detractions could constitute a bureaucratic barrier.
In the present investigation, the regime of detractions is analyzed as a mechanism for collecting the General Sales Tax, in order to clarify whether we are facing an arbitrary manifestation of the State's public power. For this, the concepts of arbitrariness and public power are developed, according to the doctrine and jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, as well as the principles of reasonableness and of interdiction to arbitrariness in the context of a Social and Democratic State of Law. Likewise, the objectives of the drawdowns are developed to clarify the characteristics of the drawdowns in order to determine their legal nature from the perspective of the Constitutional Court and the doctrine. Then, the main questions asked by the doctrine are examined in order to verify if this regime violates the constitutional tax principles, as well as the fundamental rights of the people who inform our model of Rule of Law. Finally, the proportionality or weighting test is applied between the principle of solidarity: duty to contribute and the right to property to determine whether the creation of the drawdowns constitutes a reasonable and proportional restrictive measure to reduce tax evasion and tax non-compliance . Finally, it is analyzed if detractions could constitute a bureaucratic barrier.
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Keywords
Impuestos--Perú, Impuesto general a las ventas--Legislación--Perú, Derecho de propiedad--Perú, Procedimiento administrativo--Perú
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