Experiencias del proceso de atención médica de un grupo de personas diagnosticadas con fibromialgia
Date
2023-10-12
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar las experiencias del proceso de
atención médica de un grupo de personas adultas diagnosticadas con fibromialgia. Como
objetivos específicos se busca explorar: a) sus experiencias durante el proceso diagnóstico en
los centros de salud y b) sus experiencias de relación médico-paciente pos-diagnóstico,
indagando por las actitudes de ambos actores a partir de la percepción de los segundos. Se
utilizó un enfoque cualitativo de corte fenomenológico interpretativo y se realizaron 9
entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 8 mujeres y 1 hombre. Para la organización de los resultados
se desarrollaron dos áreas: a) Fibromialgia: historia de un diagnóstico clínico y b) Hacia una
relación médico - paciente más humana. En estas se evidencio que el conocimiento sobre la
fibromialgia, la empatía y el compromiso por parte del médico impactan considerablemente en
el autoestima, bienestar integral y percepción de apoyo de estas personas, lo cual a su vez
moldea su experiencia de atención médica de forma continua tanto antes como después del
diagnóstico, afectando también su experiencia de enfermedad. No obstante, el despliegue de
estos elementos es moldeado por el paradigma de atención a la salud bajo el cual se enmarque
la conducta del médico, que puede adoptar un enfoque biomédico centrado en su autoridad
científica o uno biopsicosocial centrado en el paciente como ser integral, siendo este último el
más valorado por estos pacientes por implicar la adaptación del tratamiento y comunicación
brindadas a su vivencia de enfermedad.
The main objective of this research is to analyze the healthcare process experiences of a group of adult individuals diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The specific objectives to explore are a) their experiences during the diagnostic process in healthcare centers and b) their experiences of the post-diagnostic doctor-patient relationship, investigating the attitudes of both actors based on the perception of the latter. A qualitative, interpretive phenomenological approach was used, and 9 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 women and 1 man. The results were organized into two areas: a) Fibromyalgia: history of a clinical diagnosis and b) Towards a more human doctor-patient relationship. It was evident that knowledge about fibromyalgia, empathy, and commitment from the doctor significantly impact the self-esteem, overall wellbeing, and perception of support of these individuals, which in turn shapes their healthcare experience continuously both before and after the diagnosis, also affecting their illness experience. However, the deployment of these elements is shaped by the healthcare paradigm under which the doctor's behavior is framed, which can adopt a biomedical approach focused on their scientific authority or a biopsychosocial approach focused on the patient as a whole being, with the latter being the most valued by these patients as it involves adapting treatment and communication provided to their illness experience.
The main objective of this research is to analyze the healthcare process experiences of a group of adult individuals diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The specific objectives to explore are a) their experiences during the diagnostic process in healthcare centers and b) their experiences of the post-diagnostic doctor-patient relationship, investigating the attitudes of both actors based on the perception of the latter. A qualitative, interpretive phenomenological approach was used, and 9 semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 women and 1 man. The results were organized into two areas: a) Fibromyalgia: history of a clinical diagnosis and b) Towards a more human doctor-patient relationship. It was evident that knowledge about fibromyalgia, empathy, and commitment from the doctor significantly impact the self-esteem, overall wellbeing, and perception of support of these individuals, which in turn shapes their healthcare experience continuously both before and after the diagnosis, also affecting their illness experience. However, the deployment of these elements is shaped by the healthcare paradigm under which the doctor's behavior is framed, which can adopt a biomedical approach focused on their scientific authority or a biopsychosocial approach focused on the patient as a whole being, with the latter being the most valued by these patients as it involves adapting treatment and communication provided to their illness experience.
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Keywords
Fibromialgia--Aspectos psicológicos, Médico y paciente, Reumatismo--Aspectos psicológicos
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