Factores positivos y negativos en la gestión del proyecto “Servicio de protección y gestión del riesgo contra inundaciones del cauce del río Huatanay en distritos de la provincia de Cusco y Quispicanchi, periodo 2013 – 2018"
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2021-08-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El estudio es la descripción y análisis de los factores positivos y negativos de la
gestión del riesgo de desastres del proyecto emblemático que se ha
implementado, tanto en Cusco, como a nivel nacional. El mismo estuvo a cargo
del Proyecto Especial Regional Instituto de Manejo de Agua y Medio Ambiente (en
adelante PER IMA) y se aplicó en la sub cuenca del rio Huatanay, en las provincias
de Cusco y Quispicanchi, en el periodo 2013–2018, con el financiamiento del
Gobierno Regional Cusco. El PER IMA, a través del proyecto Huatanay, basó su
implementación en cuatro componentes referidos a: i) la protección de la población
y sus tierras ante fuertes avenidas de aguas; ii) fortalecer a las organizaciones de
la población para que tengan la respuesta adecuada; iii) articular a las
instituciones locales para que atiendan a tiempo el comportamiento del rio; y iv)
monitorear su cauce. En el estudio se ha identificado que los elementos que
dificultan que las familias, funcionarios y autoridades adopten actitudes de mayor
involucramiento, participación y compromiso político, están en estrecha relación
con la autogestión y sostenibilidad del servicio de implementación.
La investigación es cualitativa y se ha hecho a través de un estudio de caso. Se
ha usado información recogida de diferentes actores involucrados de los distritos
de Santiago de Cusco, San Sebastián y Lucre, con el objetivo de identificar las
causas, tanto positivas como negativas en la ejecución del proyecto, para
proponer medidas de política en la disminución de la vulnerabilidad en las familias
a partir del análisis de la ejecución de sus componentes. Para realizar el estudio
se elaboraron variables y, a partir de ellas, se elaboraron las herramientas para
recoger información relacionada a los problemas que quiso atender el proyecto
para mitigar la vulnerabilidad de las familias por las inundaciones, desbordes y
desastres ocasionados por el rio Huatanay.
En aplicación de los estudios sobre gerencia social, se presenta una propuesta
con la intención de contribuir al cambio de actitud en las familias de la región
Cusco, tanto desde la intervención cogestionada entre directivos de las
asociaciones pro vivienda (en adelante APV), comunidades, funcionarios y jefes
de la Oficina de Gestión de Riesgo de Desastres de las municipalidades distritales,
así como el compromiso político de las autoridades locales.
This thesis provides a description and explanation of the “Positive and negative factors of disaster risk management in the sub basin of the Huatanay river, district and province of Cusco, 2013-2018 period. Located in the province of Cusco and Quispicanchi. The project was executed by the Special Regional Project Institute of Water Management and Environment PER IMA with financing from the Regional Government of Cusco, being one of the emblematic projects in risk management that is implemented at the level of Cusco and National that was attended by the experience by authorities in other regions, whose results have generated positive impacts at the population level, local and regional governments. PER IMA through the Huatanay project based its implementation on 4 components: a) adequate protection against high avenues; b) Strengthening of population organizations; for risk management; c) Articulation of the local institutions to attend the river and d) Monitoring of the riverbed. Therefore, it has been identified that the factors that prevent families, officials, authorities from adopting greater involvement, participation and political commitment are related to the self-management and sustainability of the implementation service. A qualitative study was carried out through the case study and information was collected from the different actors involved in the implementation of the project in the districts of Santiago de Cusco, San Sebastian and Lucre, with the objective of identifying the positive factors and negative in the implementation of the project, based on the analysis of the execution of its components to propose policy measures to reduce vulnerability in families. During the investigation, variables were planned that allowed information to be collected in relation to the problems that the project sought to solve, the problem of vulnerability of families due to floods, overflows and disasters caused by the Huatanay river. The project aims to reduce disaster risks and minimize their effects with the participation of the families, authorities and institutions involved. In application of the studies on social management, a propasal is presented in order to contribute to a change of attitude in families from the Cusco region, from the co-managed intervention between managers of the APVs and communities, Official and Heads of Risk Management Office of the District Municipalities, and the political commitment of the local authorities.
This thesis provides a description and explanation of the “Positive and negative factors of disaster risk management in the sub basin of the Huatanay river, district and province of Cusco, 2013-2018 period. Located in the province of Cusco and Quispicanchi. The project was executed by the Special Regional Project Institute of Water Management and Environment PER IMA with financing from the Regional Government of Cusco, being one of the emblematic projects in risk management that is implemented at the level of Cusco and National that was attended by the experience by authorities in other regions, whose results have generated positive impacts at the population level, local and regional governments. PER IMA through the Huatanay project based its implementation on 4 components: a) adequate protection against high avenues; b) Strengthening of population organizations; for risk management; c) Articulation of the local institutions to attend the river and d) Monitoring of the riverbed. Therefore, it has been identified that the factors that prevent families, officials, authorities from adopting greater involvement, participation and political commitment are related to the self-management and sustainability of the implementation service. A qualitative study was carried out through the case study and information was collected from the different actors involved in the implementation of the project in the districts of Santiago de Cusco, San Sebastian and Lucre, with the objective of identifying the positive factors and negative in the implementation of the project, based on the analysis of the execution of its components to propose policy measures to reduce vulnerability in families. During the investigation, variables were planned that allowed information to be collected in relation to the problems that the project sought to solve, the problem of vulnerability of families due to floods, overflows and disasters caused by the Huatanay river. The project aims to reduce disaster risks and minimize their effects with the participation of the families, authorities and institutions involved. In application of the studies on social management, a propasal is presented in order to contribute to a change of attitude in families from the Cusco region, from the co-managed intervention between managers of the APVs and communities, Official and Heads of Risk Management Office of the District Municipalities, and the political commitment of the local authorities.
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Gestión de riesgos, Inundaciones--Perú--Cuzco, Desastres naturales--Prevención--Perú--Cuzco
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