La actividad industrial y su impacto en el territorio: una aproximación a partir del caso limeño
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2022-01-21
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente trabajo de investigación busca analizar el impacto de la actividad industrial
en el territorio de Lima. Se empleó el método del mapeo y el reconocimiento de las
zonas industriales. Después se realizó un análisis de contraste con la base de datos del
Sistema Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú (SENAMHI) y del Ministerio de
Salud (MINSA), en especial el registro de casos de Infecciones Respiratorias Agudas
(IRAs) durante los años 2014 y 2015. Además, se aplicó el método de interpolación IDW
para generar información espacial para aquellos distritos donde no existen estaciones
de monitoreo de la calidad del aire del contaminante PM 2.5. Asimismo, para hallar la
asociación entre las variables PM 2.5 e IRAs se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de
Pearson. Por último, se aplicaron encuestas para analizar la percepción de la población
respecto a la contaminación ambiental producto de la actividad industrial en el área de
estudio. Entre los principales hallazgos, se encontró que existe una correlación entre
altos niveles de concentración de PM 2.5 y la gran incidencia de casos de IRAs en la
población de la ciudad de Lima. Asimismo, la percepción de la mayoría de la población
encuestada indica que las emisiones contaminantes de las actividades industriales
pueden ser las causas de las IRAs que aqueja a la población.
This research aims to analyze the impact of industrial activity in the territory of Lima. The method of mapping and recognition of industrial zones was used. Afterwards, a contrast analysis was carried out with the database of the National System of Meteorology and Hydrology of Peru (SENAMHI) and the Ministry of Health (MINSA), especially the registry of cases of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) during the years 2014 and 2015. In addition, the IDW interpolation method was applied to generate spatial information for those districts where there are no air quality monitoring stations for the pollutant PM 2.5. Likewise, to find the association between the variables PM 2.5 and ARIs, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Lastly, surveys were applied to analyze the perception of the population regarding environmental pollution caused by industrial activity in the study area. Among the main findings, it was found that there is a correlation between high levels of PM 2.5 concentration and the high incidence of ARI cases in the population of the city of Lima. Likewise, the perception of the majority of the surveyed population indicates that polluting emissions from industrial activities may be the causes of ARIs that afflict the population.
This research aims to analyze the impact of industrial activity in the territory of Lima. The method of mapping and recognition of industrial zones was used. Afterwards, a contrast analysis was carried out with the database of the National System of Meteorology and Hydrology of Peru (SENAMHI) and the Ministry of Health (MINSA), especially the registry of cases of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) during the years 2014 and 2015. In addition, the IDW interpolation method was applied to generate spatial information for those districts where there are no air quality monitoring stations for the pollutant PM 2.5. Likewise, to find the association between the variables PM 2.5 and ARIs, the Pearson correlation coefficient was used. Lastly, surveys were applied to analyze the perception of the population regarding environmental pollution caused by industrial activity in the study area. Among the main findings, it was found that there is a correlation between high levels of PM 2.5 concentration and the high incidence of ARI cases in the population of the city of Lima. Likewise, the perception of the majority of the surveyed population indicates that polluting emissions from industrial activities may be the causes of ARIs that afflict the population.
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Keywords
Contaminación ambiental--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Salud pública--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Calidad del aire--Perú--Lima Metropolitana
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