Valorización de la empresa: Unión De Cervecerías Peruanas Backus y Johnston Sociedad Anónima Abierta
Fecha
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo la valorización de la Unión
de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus y Johnston S.A.A. (en adelante, “Backus” o la “Compañía”),
principal actor del sector cervecero peruano, con una participación que supera el 91% en la
producción de bebidas alcohólicas en 2022. El análisis contempla su evolución histórica,
modelo de negocio, estructura accionaria, contexto macroeconómico y competitivo, así como
su desempeño financiero, complementado ello con una comparación frente a sus referentes
regionales: Compañía Cervecerías Unidas (CCU) de Chile y Ambev S.A. de Brasil.
Los resultados evidencian que, con información de cierre 2024, en contraste con CCU
y Ambev, Backus se distingue por una elevada rentabilidad y eficiencia operativa: su margen
EBITDA alcanza 45.9%, frente al 12.8% de CCU y 29.9% de Ambev, mientras que su ROE
se sitúa en 27.6% y su ROA en 14.7%, indicadores que según Álvarez (2016) son índices de
rentabilidad que miden los resultados obtenidos de la gestión en las operaciones por los
aportes de los accionistas que vincula las utilidades antes de interés e impuestos. Asimismo,
exhibe un endeudamiento casi nulo (Deuda/EBITDA de 0.06x), lo que refuerza su fortaleza
financiera. En cuanto a múltiplos, cotiza con un EV/EBITDA de 7.9x y un PER de 14.3x,
superiores a los de sus comparables, lo cual refleja la prima que el mercado reconoce por su
posición dominante y eficiencia.
La valorización se realizó mediante el método de Flujos de Caja Descontados (FCD),
aplicando como tasa de descuento el WACC estimado. El resultado arrojó un valor de
empresa de S/ 30,355 millones, integrado por S/ 11,060 millones en flujos proyectados y S/
19,294 millones de valor terminal. Sumando la caja disponible (S/ 1,092 millones) y
deduciendo la deuda financiera (S/ 211 millones), se obtuvo un valor patrimonial de S/
31,235 millones. Este monto equivale a un valor fundamental de S/ 23.16 por acción de
inversión BACKUI1, ligeramente superior al precio de mercado de S/ 23 registrado en
diciembre de 2024, lo que sugiere y refuerza la recomendación de mantener las acciones en
cartera.
El análisis de sensibilidad evidenció que la valorización depende en gran medida de
cambios en el WACC (8.3%–12.3%) y en la tasa de crecimiento perpetuo (0%–2%),
generando un rango entre S/ 16.38 y S/ 29.48 por acción. Adicionalmente, la simulación de
Monte Carlo aplicada a la variable g (media de 1% y desviación estándar de 0.75%) arrojó un
valor promedio de S/ 23.30 por acción, con un intervalo entre S/ 18.78 y S/ 31.86; de los
escenarios simulados, un 73.24% se ubica en el rango de S/ 22.00 a S/ 24.00, mientras que
solo un 18.41% queda por debajo de los S/ 22.00.
En síntesis, Backus presenta un desempeño financiero sólido, una estructura de bajo
riesgo debido a su mínima deuda y un liderazgo indiscutible en un mercado altamente
concentrado. Si bien factores externos como la volatilidad cambiaria, la evolución de los
precios internacionales de insumos o eventuales riesgos sanitarios podrían incidir en sus
resultados, la Compañía se mantiene como una alternativa de inversión atractiva, con
perspectivas de crecimiento sostenido y un valor intrínseco alineado a su cotización actual.
This research paper aims to assess the value of Unión de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus y Johnston S.A.A. (hereinafter, “Backus” or the “Company”), the leading player in the Peruvian beer industry, with a market share exceeding 91% in alcoholic beverage production as of 2022. The analysis covers its historical evolution, business model, ownership structure, macroeconomic and competitive context, as well as its financial performance, complemented by a comparison with regional peers: Compañía Cervecerías Unidas (CCU) from Chile and Ambev S.A. from Brazil. The results show that, based on year-end 2024 data, Backus stands out from CCU and Ambev due to its high profitability and operational efficiency: its EBITDA margin reaches 45.9%, compared to 12.8% for CCU and 29.9% for Ambev, while its ROE is 27.6% and ROA is 14.7%. Additionally, it exhibits virtually no debt (Debt/EBITDA of 0.06x), reinforcing its financial strength. In terms of multiples, it trades at an EV/EBITDA of 7.9x and a PER of 14.3x, higher than its peers, reflecting the premium the market assigns to its dominant position and efficiency. The valuation was conducted using the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method, applying the estimated WACC as the discount rate. The result yielded an enterprise value of S/ 30,355 million, composed of S/ 11,060 million in projected cash flows and S/ 19,294 million in terminal value. Adding available cash (S/ 1,092 million) and deducting financial debt (S/ 211 million), the equity value amounted to S/ 31,235 million. This figure translates to a fundamental value of S/ 23.16 per BACKUI1 investment share, slightly above the market price of S/ 23 recorded in December 2024, suggesting and reinforcing the recommendation to hold the shares in the portfolio. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the valuation is highly dependent on changes in the WACC (8.3%–12.3%) and the perpetual growth rate (0%–2%), generating a range between S/ 16.38 and S/ 29.48 per share. Additionally, the Monte Carlo simulation applied to the variable g (mean of 1% and standard deviation of 0.75%) yielded an average value of S/ 23.30 per share, with a range between S/ 18.78 and S/ 31.86; of the simulated scenarios, 73.24% fall within the range of S/ 22.00 to S/ 24.00, while only 18.41% fall below S/ 22.00. In summary, Backus demonstrates solid financial performance, a low-risk structure due to minimal debt, and undisputed leadership in a highly concentrated market. Although external factors such as exchange rate volatility, changes in international input prices, or potential health risks could impact its results, the Company remains an attractive investment alternative, with prospects for sustained growth and an intrinsic value aligned with its current market price.
This research paper aims to assess the value of Unión de Cervecerías Peruanas Backus y Johnston S.A.A. (hereinafter, “Backus” or the “Company”), the leading player in the Peruvian beer industry, with a market share exceeding 91% in alcoholic beverage production as of 2022. The analysis covers its historical evolution, business model, ownership structure, macroeconomic and competitive context, as well as its financial performance, complemented by a comparison with regional peers: Compañía Cervecerías Unidas (CCU) from Chile and Ambev S.A. from Brazil. The results show that, based on year-end 2024 data, Backus stands out from CCU and Ambev due to its high profitability and operational efficiency: its EBITDA margin reaches 45.9%, compared to 12.8% for CCU and 29.9% for Ambev, while its ROE is 27.6% and ROA is 14.7%. Additionally, it exhibits virtually no debt (Debt/EBITDA of 0.06x), reinforcing its financial strength. In terms of multiples, it trades at an EV/EBITDA of 7.9x and a PER of 14.3x, higher than its peers, reflecting the premium the market assigns to its dominant position and efficiency. The valuation was conducted using the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method, applying the estimated WACC as the discount rate. The result yielded an enterprise value of S/ 30,355 million, composed of S/ 11,060 million in projected cash flows and S/ 19,294 million in terminal value. Adding available cash (S/ 1,092 million) and deducting financial debt (S/ 211 million), the equity value amounted to S/ 31,235 million. This figure translates to a fundamental value of S/ 23.16 per BACKUI1 investment share, slightly above the market price of S/ 23 recorded in December 2024, suggesting and reinforcing the recommendation to hold the shares in the portfolio. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the valuation is highly dependent on changes in the WACC (8.3%–12.3%) and the perpetual growth rate (0%–2%), generating a range between S/ 16.38 and S/ 29.48 per share. Additionally, the Monte Carlo simulation applied to the variable g (mean of 1% and standard deviation of 0.75%) yielded an average value of S/ 23.30 per share, with a range between S/ 18.78 and S/ 31.86; of the simulated scenarios, 73.24% fall within the range of S/ 22.00 to S/ 24.00, while only 18.41% fall below S/ 22.00. In summary, Backus demonstrates solid financial performance, a low-risk structure due to minimal debt, and undisputed leadership in a highly concentrated market. Although external factors such as exchange rate volatility, changes in international input prices, or potential health risks could impact its results, the Company remains an attractive investment alternative, with prospects for sustained growth and an intrinsic value aligned with its current market price.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Industria cervecera--Valorización--Perú, Estados financieros--Análisis
Citación
Colecciones
item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
Licencia Creative Commons
Excepto donde se indique lo contrario, la licencia de este ítem se describe como https://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
