Burnout y bienestar psicológico en técnicas de enfermería de un hospital nacional de Lima Metropolitana
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2013-03-13
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En la presente investigación se exploran las relaciones de las seis dimensiones del bienestar psicológico con los tres componentes del síndrome de burnout en un grupo de 82 técnicas de enfermería de un Hospital Nacional de Lima Metropolitana, cuyas edades fluctúan entre 23 y 67 años. Para ello, se empleó la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico de Riff y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslash. Se obtuvo diversas correlaciones negativas entre las dimensiones del bienestar psicológico y los componentes de burnout. Se encontró que las dimensiones de autoaceptación, dominio del entorno y autonomía correlacionaban inversamente con los componentes negativos del burnout: agotamiento emocional y despersonalización, mientras que las dimensiones de relaciones positivas con otros y propósito de vida se relacionaron indirectamente sólo con el agotamiento emocional. Asimismo, no se obtuvo ninguna correlación con la realización personal y la dimensión de crecimiento personal. Por otro lado, la dimensión de dominio del ambiente es la que mantiene la mayor relación con el agotamiento emocional y la dimensión de autonomía con el componente de despersonalización. Además, se pudo concluir que es probable que el trabajo no sea el elemento más importante en la vida de las participantes.
Palabras Clave: Bienestar Psicológico, Burnout, Técnicas de enfermería
The present study explores the relationship between the six dimensions of the Psychological Well-being and the three components of Burnout’s Syndrome in a group of 82 nurse techniques between 23 and 67 years old from a National Hospital in Lima Metropolitana. The Psychological Well-Being Scale and Maslash Burnout Inventory were used to measure this constructs. Negative correlations were found between the dimensions of Psychological Well-Being and the components of Burnout’s Syndrome. It was found that the dimensions of self-acceptance, environmental mastery and autonomy correlated inversely with negative components of burnout: emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while the dimensions of positive relationships with others and purpose in life is only indirectly related to emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, no correlation was found with the component of personal accomplishment and the dimension of personal growth. On a more detail analysis, the dimension of Environmental Mastery was the one which maintains the strongest correlation with the component of emotional exhaustion and the dimension of autonomy with depersonalization. Furthermore, it was concluded that seems the work isn’t the most important element in the lives of the participants. Key Words: Psychological Well-Being, Burnout, Nurse techniques
The present study explores the relationship between the six dimensions of the Psychological Well-being and the three components of Burnout’s Syndrome in a group of 82 nurse techniques between 23 and 67 years old from a National Hospital in Lima Metropolitana. The Psychological Well-Being Scale and Maslash Burnout Inventory were used to measure this constructs. Negative correlations were found between the dimensions of Psychological Well-Being and the components of Burnout’s Syndrome. It was found that the dimensions of self-acceptance, environmental mastery and autonomy correlated inversely with negative components of burnout: emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, while the dimensions of positive relationships with others and purpose in life is only indirectly related to emotional exhaustion. Furthermore, no correlation was found with the component of personal accomplishment and the dimension of personal growth. On a more detail analysis, the dimension of Environmental Mastery was the one which maintains the strongest correlation with the component of emotional exhaustion and the dimension of autonomy with depersonalization. Furthermore, it was concluded that seems the work isn’t the most important element in the lives of the participants. Key Words: Psychological Well-Being, Burnout, Nurse techniques
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Bienestar, Stress en el trabajo, Auxiliares de enfermería
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