Construcción de la identidad cultural en la escuela desde las políticas educativas: los estudiantes con ascendencia extranjera en el Perú
Date
2023-05-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Las aulas peruanas tienen una gran diversidad cultural, una que proviene no solo
desde diversas partes del Perú sino también del mundo. La población estudiantil con
ascendencia extranjera dentro de las aulas ha crecido exponencialmente en los
últimos años (Alcázar y Balarin, 2021), sin embargo, el Ministerio de Educación del
Perú no cuenta con lineamientos políticos exclusivos para su respectiva atención. En
consecuencia, la identidad cultural de los estudiantes con ascendencia extranjera se
construye a partir de la cultura hegemónica del aula, omitiendo su cultura de
ascendencia (Taylor, 1993). Por eso, tras un proceso de análisis de las políticas
educativas peruanas y una revisión de las políticas educativas para estudiantes
extranjeros de Chile, juntamente con la recopilación de fuentes bibliográficas de lo que
comprende la construcción de la identidad cultural, esta tesina busca identificar los
lineamientos políticos educativos actuales en el sistema educativo peruano para que,
a partir de los aportes del caso chileno, se describa las directrices políticas y las
orientaciones estratégicas para la construcción de la identidad cultural de los
estudiantes con ascendencia extranjera desde las escuelas. De esta manera, se
busca garantizar la atención y el reforzamiento de la cultura de ascendencia y la
cultura peruana que comprenden la identidad cultural de esta población estudiantil.
Peruvian classrooms have a great cultural diversity, one that comes not only from different parts of Peru but also from the world. The student population with foreign ancestry within the classroom has grown exponentially in recent years, however, the Ministry of Education of Peru does not have exclusive political guidelines for their respective attention. Consequently, the cultural identity of students with foreign ancestry is built from the hegemonic culture of the classroom, omitting the culture of ancestry. Therefore, after a process of analysis of Peruvian educational policies and a review of educational policies for foreign students in Chile, together with the compilation of bibliographic sources of what the construction of cultural identity comprises, this thesis seeks to identify the guidelines Current educational politicians in the Peruvian educational system so that, based on the contributions of the Chilean case, the political guidelines and strategic orientations for the construction of the cultural identity of students with foreign ancestry from schools are described. In this way, it seeks to guarantee the attention and reinforcement of the culture of descent and the Peruvian culture that comprise the cultural identity of this student population.
Peruvian classrooms have a great cultural diversity, one that comes not only from different parts of Peru but also from the world. The student population with foreign ancestry within the classroom has grown exponentially in recent years, however, the Ministry of Education of Peru does not have exclusive political guidelines for their respective attention. Consequently, the cultural identity of students with foreign ancestry is built from the hegemonic culture of the classroom, omitting the culture of ancestry. Therefore, after a process of analysis of Peruvian educational policies and a review of educational policies for foreign students in Chile, together with the compilation of bibliographic sources of what the construction of cultural identity comprises, this thesis seeks to identify the guidelines Current educational politicians in the Peruvian educational system so that, based on the contributions of the Chilean case, the political guidelines and strategic orientations for the construction of the cultural identity of students with foreign ancestry from schools are described. In this way, it seeks to guarantee the attention and reinforcement of the culture of descent and the Peruvian culture that comprise the cultural identity of this student population.
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Keywords
Educación y Estado--Perú--Siglo XXI, Educación multicultural--Perú, Estudiantes extranjeros--Perú, Inmigrantes--Perú--Identidad cultural
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