Paltico: herramienta manual de autoconstrucción para facilitar la cosecha de palta en andenería para los agricultores de pequeña y mediana escala del C.P Chillaco, Antioquía
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
Para las familias agrícolas de pequeña y mediana escala que habitan en Chillaco, un
Centro Poblado con economía limitada, dedicado al cultivo de frutos arbóreos en
terreno plano y andenes, la cosecha manual del cultivo el palto es una tarea dificultosa
y peligrosa de realizar por el estado de los andenes, la morfología del árbol y las altas
temperaturas. Todo ello perjudica el bienestar físico y emocional del agricultor y
disminuye la productividad. Se revisó la existencia de herramientas manuales para
cosecha de procedencia extranjera para producciones pequeñas y grandes; en ellas se
observó que son de alto costo y no facilitan la cosecha en el contexto de estudio. Por
ello se plantea Paltico, una herramienta manual que facilita la tarea de cosecha de
paltas en andenes reduce el esfuerzo físico y mental y permite ser accesible gracias a
su diseño de autoconstrucción. El desarrollo del proyecto tuvo un enfoque social
aplicando el diseño social y fue guiada mediante las metodologías de Doble Diamante
como el Diseño Centrado en el Humano. Se realizaron estudios inductivos mediante
vídeos, fotografías y entrevistas virtuales. Además, la propuesta se validó por medio de
entrevistas y pruebas de usabilidad a los pobladores de forma presencial. De esta
forma, se demostró que la herramienta llega a ser accesible, fácil de utilizar y puede
reducir el esfuerzo físico y mental.
For small and medium-scale farming families living in Chillaco, a village with a limited economy, dedicated to the cultivation of fruit trees on flat land and terraces, the manual harvesting of avocado is a difficult and dangerous task to perform due to the condition of the terraces, the morphology of the tree and the high temperatures, which damages the physical and emotional well-being of the farmer and decreases productivity. The existence of manual harvesting tools of foreign origin for small and large productions was reviewed; it was observed that they are of high cost and do not facilitate harvesting in the context of the study. Therefore, Paltico is a manual tool that facilitates the task of harvesting avocados on platforms, reduces physical and mental effort and is accessible thanks to its self-manufactured design, jointly developed by farmers and designers. The development of the project had a social approach applying social design and was guided by Double Diamond methodologies such as Human Centered Design. Inductive studies were conducted through videos, photographs and virtual interviews. In addition, the proposal was validated through interviews and usability tests to the villagers in person. In this way, it was demonstrated that the tool becomes accessible, easy to use and can reduce physical and mental effort.
For small and medium-scale farming families living in Chillaco, a village with a limited economy, dedicated to the cultivation of fruit trees on flat land and terraces, the manual harvesting of avocado is a difficult and dangerous task to perform due to the condition of the terraces, the morphology of the tree and the high temperatures, which damages the physical and emotional well-being of the farmer and decreases productivity. The existence of manual harvesting tools of foreign origin for small and large productions was reviewed; it was observed that they are of high cost and do not facilitate harvesting in the context of the study. Therefore, Paltico is a manual tool that facilitates the task of harvesting avocados on platforms, reduces physical and mental effort and is accessible thanks to its self-manufactured design, jointly developed by farmers and designers. The development of the project had a social approach applying social design and was guided by Double Diamond methodologies such as Human Centered Design. Inductive studies were conducted through videos, photographs and virtual interviews. In addition, the proposal was validated through interviews and usability tests to the villagers in person. In this way, it was demonstrated that the tool becomes accessible, easy to use and can reduce physical and mental effort.
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Palto--Industria y comercio, Planificación estratégica--Perú, Agroindustria--Perú--Huarochirí (Lima : Provincia), Innovaciones agrícolas--Perú
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