Síntesis y caracterización de tres chalconas hidroxiladas y evaluación de su actividad antibacteriana contra Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus
Date
2025-03-03
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Abstract
Las chalconas son moléculas que poseen una amplia gama de actividades
biológicas, entre las cuales se encuentra la actividad antibacteriana. Entonces, el presente
trabajo tuvo como objetivo sintetizar y caracterizar tres chalconas hidroxiladas y evaluar su
actividad antibacteriana contra Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus. Para ello, se
sintetizaron las chalconas mediante condensación de Claisen-Schmidt y se compararon tres
tratamientos para la síntesis (KOH 10 %, KOH 20 % y KOH sólido). Las moléculas se
caracterizaron mediante espectroscopía IR y RMN y también se evaluó su actividad
antibacteriana mediante el método de difusión en disco.
Se obtuvieron los espectros de IR y RMN 1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HMBC y HMQC
para las tres chalconas sintetizadas y además se observó que el tratamiento con mejores
resultados en cuanto al rendimiento fue el que utilizó KOH sólido. Finalmente, la evaluación
de la actividad antibacteriana arrojó que la chalcona 1 posee actividad bactericida en contra
de S. aureus a una concentración de 500 µg/mL, siendo comparable a esa concentración
con el efecto del antibiótico cloranfenicol 30 µg.
Chalcones are molecules that have a wide range of biological activities, among which is antibacterial activity. Therefore, the present work aimed to synthesize and characterize three hydroxylated chalcones and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. To this end, chalcones were synthesized by ClaisenSchmidt condensation and three treatments for the synthesis were compared (KOH 10 %, KOH 20 % and solid KOH). The molecules were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and their antibacterial activity was also evaluated by the disk diffusion method. The IR and 1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HMBC and HMQC NMR spectra were obtained for the three synthesized chalcones and it was also observed that the treatment with the best results in terms of yield was the one that used solid KOH. Finally, the evaluation of the antibacterial activity showed that chalcone 1 has bactericidal activity against S. aureus at a concentration of 500 µg/mL, being comparable at that concentration to the effect of the antibiotic chloramphenicol 30 µg.
Chalcones are molecules that have a wide range of biological activities, among which is antibacterial activity. Therefore, the present work aimed to synthesize and characterize three hydroxylated chalcones and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. To this end, chalcones were synthesized by ClaisenSchmidt condensation and three treatments for the synthesis were compared (KOH 10 %, KOH 20 % and solid KOH). The molecules were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and their antibacterial activity was also evaluated by the disk diffusion method. The IR and 1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HMBC and HMQC NMR spectra were obtained for the three synthesized chalcones and it was also observed that the treatment with the best results in terms of yield was the one that used solid KOH. Finally, the evaluation of the antibacterial activity showed that chalcone 1 has bactericidal activity against S. aureus at a concentration of 500 µg/mL, being comparable at that concentration to the effect of the antibiotic chloramphenicol 30 µg.
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Chalcona, Agentes antiinfecciosos, Bacterias anaeróbicas
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