Hablemos de protesta: un análisis de su reconocimiento en el sistema jurídico peruano
Date
2024-04-01
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La protesta es un derecho fundamental que ha sido reconocido por el Tribunal
Constitucional a través de la sentencia recaída en el Exp. N° 0009-2018-PI/TC;
no obstante, esta ha sido merecedora de diversas críticas que giran
principalmente, en torno a la cantidad de magistrados que firmaron el texto
principal de la sentencia (dos) y el número de votos singulares con los que cuenta
(cuatro). Motivo por el cual, tal reconocimiento se ha visto deslegitimado, incluso
por los propios administradores de justicia, tal es el caso que, la Corte Suprema
este año, se pronunció a favor de desconocer a la protesta como un derecho
autónomo, lo cual resulta desalentador para la implementación de garantías en
torno al ejercicio del derecho a la protesta.
Por lo tanto, es necesario destacar el reconocimiento que se le ha otorgado al
derecho a la protesta en nuestro sistema normativo desde tres aspectos
fundamentales; en primer lugar, a través del reconocimiento de nuevos derechos
en el sistema jurídico nacional; en segundo lugar, desde el activismo judicial del
Tribunal Constitucional; y en tercer lugar, con los diferentes pronunciamientos
nacionales e internacionales. Ello, con la finalidad de plantear una serie de
alternativas que buscan dotar de garantía al ejercicio del derecho a la protesta,
y así potenciar su protección y evitar su tendencia a la criminalización.
Protest is a fundamental right that has been recognized by the Constitutional Court through the ruling issued in Case No. 0009-2018-PI/TC; However, this has been worthy of various criticisms that mainly revolve around the number of magistrates who signed the main text of the ruling (two) and the number of singular votes it has (four). Reason why such recognition has been delegitimized, even by the administrators of justice themselves, such is the case that the Supreme Court this year ruled in favor of denying protest as an autonomous right, which is discouraging for the implementation of guarantees regarding the exercise of the right to protest. Therefore, it is necessary to highlight the recognition that has been given to the right to protest in our regulatory system from three fundamental aspects; firstly, through the recognition of new rights in the national legal system; secondly, from the judicial activism of the Constitutional Court; and thirdly, with the different national and international pronouncements. This, with the purpose of proposing a series of alternatives that seek to provide a guarantee for the exercise of the right to protest, and thus enhance its protection and avoid its tendency towards criminalization.
Protest is a fundamental right that has been recognized by the Constitutional Court through the ruling issued in Case No. 0009-2018-PI/TC; However, this has been worthy of various criticisms that mainly revolve around the number of magistrates who signed the main text of the ruling (two) and the number of singular votes it has (four). Reason why such recognition has been delegitimized, even by the administrators of justice themselves, such is the case that the Supreme Court this year ruled in favor of denying protest as an autonomous right, which is discouraging for the implementation of guarantees regarding the exercise of the right to protest. Therefore, it is necessary to highlight the recognition that has been given to the right to protest in our regulatory system from three fundamental aspects; firstly, through the recognition of new rights in the national legal system; secondly, from the judicial activism of the Constitutional Court; and thirdly, with the different national and international pronouncements. This, with the purpose of proposing a series of alternatives that seek to provide a guarantee for the exercise of the right to protest, and thus enhance its protection and avoid its tendency towards criminalization.
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Garantías constitucionales--Perú, Conflictos laborales, Derecho laboral--Perú
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