Gestión del capital de trabajo y su influencia en la liquidez de las empresas inmobiliarias de la Alianza del Pacífico, 2017-2023
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
En el 2020, la pandemia de COVID-19 afectó la economía de los países de la
Alianza del Pacífico, impactando en la liquidez de sectores clave como el
inmobiliario. Es dentro de este contexto que es relevante poder analizar cuál
es la relación entre el capital de trabajo y la liquidez, ya que nos otorgaría
parámetros para cumplir con las obligaciones a corto plazo en contextos
críticos. Por ello, en este estudio se tiene como objetivo principal analizar la
influencia que tiene la gestión del capital de trabajo en el indicador de liquidez
de las empresas del sector inmobiliario de la Alianza del Pacífico en el periodo
2017-2023. Asimismo, los objetivos específicos buscan determinar en qué
medida la gestión del capital de trabajo influyó en la prueba ácida y en la
prueba defensiva en las empresas inmobiliarias pertenecientes a la Alianza del
Pacífico durante el periodo 2017-2023. Para lo cual, en este estudio se
utilizarán diversas investigaciones para definir tanto al capital de trabajo como
a la liquidez y sus componentes. La presente investigación plantea la hipótesis
general de que la gestión del capital de trabajo influye de manera significativa
y positiva en la liquidez de las empresas inmobiliarias; mientras que las
hipótesis específicas sostienen que la gestión del capital de trabajo influye de
manera significativa y positiva en la prueba ácida y prueba defensiva. Además
de que esta investigación es del tipo aplicada con un nivel explicativo y con un
enfoque cuantitativo. Asimismo, para la recolección y análisis de datos se
utilizarán los estados financieros y una matriz en Excel que servirá para hacer
uso del software estadístico SPSS con el que se realizará la contrastación de
hipótesis mediante la T de Student. Finalmente, de acuerdo con los resultados
obtenidos, se determinó que existe una influencia significativa de la gestión del
capital de trabajo tanto en la liquidez general como en la prueba defensiva.
Solo en el caso de la prueba ácida no se obtuvo una influencia relevante,
debido a que el ratio no considera a los inventarios en su cálculo, la cual es la
cuenta en la que las empresas priorizaron tomar medidas frente al contexto
económico. Con los hallazgos obtenidos, se espera contribuir al conocimiento
sobre la gestión del capital de trabajo y la liquidez en el sector inmobiliario.
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the economies of the Pacific Alliance countries, impacting the liquidity of key sectors such as real estate. It is within this context that it is important to analyze the relationship between working capital and liquidity, as it would provide parameters for meeting shortterm obligations in critical situations. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of working capital management on the liquidity indicator of real estate companies in the Pacific Alliance sector during the period 2017-2023. Likewise, the specific objectives seek to determine the extent to which working capital management influenced the acid test and the defensive test in real estate companies belonging to the Pacific Alliance during the period 2017-2023. For which, this study will use various research projects to define both working capital and liquidity, as well as their components. This research proposes the general hypothesis that working capital management significantly and positively influences the liquidity of real estate companies; while the specific hypotheses maintain that working capital management significantly and positively influences the acid test and defensive test. This research is applied, with an explanatory level and a quantitative approach. Financial statements and an Excel matrix will be used for data collection and analysis. This matrix will be used to test hypotheses using the Student's T test using SPSS statistical software. Finally, based on the results obtained, it was determined that working capital management has a significant influence on both general liquidity and the defensive test. Only in the case of the acid test was a significant influence not found, because the ratio does not consider inventories in its calculation, which is the account in which companies prioritized taking action in response to the economic context. The findings are expected to contribute to knowledge about working capital and liquidity management in the real estate sector.
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the economies of the Pacific Alliance countries, impacting the liquidity of key sectors such as real estate. It is within this context that it is important to analyze the relationship between working capital and liquidity, as it would provide parameters for meeting shortterm obligations in critical situations. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze the influence of working capital management on the liquidity indicator of real estate companies in the Pacific Alliance sector during the period 2017-2023. Likewise, the specific objectives seek to determine the extent to which working capital management influenced the acid test and the defensive test in real estate companies belonging to the Pacific Alliance during the period 2017-2023. For which, this study will use various research projects to define both working capital and liquidity, as well as their components. This research proposes the general hypothesis that working capital management significantly and positively influences the liquidity of real estate companies; while the specific hypotheses maintain that working capital management significantly and positively influences the acid test and defensive test. This research is applied, with an explanatory level and a quantitative approach. Financial statements and an Excel matrix will be used for data collection and analysis. This matrix will be used to test hypotheses using the Student's T test using SPSS statistical software. Finally, based on the results obtained, it was determined that working capital management has a significant influence on both general liquidity and the defensive test. Only in the case of the acid test was a significant influence not found, because the ratio does not consider inventories in its calculation, which is the account in which companies prioritized taking action in response to the economic context. The findings are expected to contribute to knowledge about working capital and liquidity management in the real estate sector.
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Capital (Contabilidad), Contabilidad, Estados financieros