Fortalecimiento de capacidades en gestión municipal y fondo soberano de inversión para enfrentar la reducida eficacia y eficiencia de la inversión pública financiada con los fondos provenientes del canon gasífero en la Municipalidad Provincial de la Convención durante los años 2007-2019
Date
2021-08-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
Abstract
En el Perú, la explotación de recursos naturales no renovables (minería, gas y petróleo,
principalmente) genera al Estado recursos tributarios, que se transfieren a los gobiernos
subnacionales en calidad de Canon; para invertirse en el financiamiento o cofinanciamiento de
proyectos u obras de infraestructura. Sin embargo, dicha inversión parece no haber tenido un
impacto deseado. El presente proyecto busca plantear alternativas de solución al problema:
Reducida eficacia y eficiencia de la Inversión Pública financiada con los fondos provenientes
del canon gasífero en la Municipalidad Provincial de La Convención durante los años 2007-
2019.
Al analizar las causas del problema definido, se han encontrado que éstas se deben
principalmente a tres motivos: i) corrupción; ii) clientelismo; y iii) débil capacidad institucional.
En ese sentido, en el presente documento se presenta tres mecanismos como alternativas de
solución al problema encontrado: Un Programa de Fortalecimiento de Capacidades, la
implementación de un Fondo de Soberano de Inversión (FSI) con recursos del canon y la
implementación de un modelo de Integridad; que busca mitigar el riesgo de corrupción.
Si bien el estudio de caso presentado, es sobre una Provincia del Departamento del
Cusco; pero debido a que la normativa de uso y distribución del Canon tiene alcance a todos los
gobiernos subnacionales; las conclusiones del Proyecto tienen alcance nacional.
Respecto al análisis de factibilidad, se ha determinado que existen capacidades
organizativas e infraestructura virtual y de E-learning en el Estado, para implementar las
diferentes soluciones propuestas en lo relacionado a la generación de capacidades; así como
respecto del modelo de Integridad. Sin embargo, del análisis de deseabilidad se han determinado
algunos obstáculos iniciales, como es un aparente recorte de las transferencias de recursos del
Canon; que podrían generar protestas de algunas poblaciones afectadas, por lo que el Fondo
Soberano se podrá implementar, cuando el escenario económico así lo permita.
In Peru, the exploitation of non-renewable natural resources (mining, gas and oil, mainly) generates tax resources to the State, which are transferred to subnational governments as Canon to invest in the finance or co-finance of infrastructure projects. However, this investment does not appear to have had a desired impact. This project seeks to propose alternative solutions to the reduced effectivity and efficiency of Public Investment financed with funds from the gas canon in the Provincial Municipality of La Convencion during the years 2007-2019 When analyzing the causes of the defined problem, it has been found that these are mainly due to three reasons: i) corruption; ii) clientelism; and ii) weak institutional capacity. In this sense, this document presents three mechanisms as alternative solutions to the problem encountered: A Program to Build Capacities, a Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) with canon resources and the implementation of an Integrity model; that seeks to mitigate the risk of corruption. Although the case study presented is about a Province of the Department of Cusco; but because the regulations for the use and distribution of the Canon are applicable to all subnational governments; the conclusions of the Project are national in scope. Regarding the feasibility analysis, it has been determined that there are organizational capacities and virtual infrastructure and E-learning in the Government, to implement the different solutions proposed in relation to the generation of capacities; as well as with respect to the Integrity model. However, the desirability analysis has identified some initial obstacles, such as an apparent cutback in Canon's resource transfers; that could generate protests from some affected populations, so that the Sovereign Wealth Fund may be implemented, when the economic scenario allows it.
In Peru, the exploitation of non-renewable natural resources (mining, gas and oil, mainly) generates tax resources to the State, which are transferred to subnational governments as Canon to invest in the finance or co-finance of infrastructure projects. However, this investment does not appear to have had a desired impact. This project seeks to propose alternative solutions to the reduced effectivity and efficiency of Public Investment financed with funds from the gas canon in the Provincial Municipality of La Convencion during the years 2007-2019 When analyzing the causes of the defined problem, it has been found that these are mainly due to three reasons: i) corruption; ii) clientelism; and ii) weak institutional capacity. In this sense, this document presents three mechanisms as alternative solutions to the problem encountered: A Program to Build Capacities, a Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) with canon resources and the implementation of an Integrity model; that seeks to mitigate the risk of corruption. Although the case study presented is about a Province of the Department of Cusco; but because the regulations for the use and distribution of the Canon are applicable to all subnational governments; the conclusions of the Project are national in scope. Regarding the feasibility analysis, it has been determined that there are organizational capacities and virtual infrastructure and E-learning in the Government, to implement the different solutions proposed in relation to the generation of capacities; as well as with respect to the Integrity model. However, the desirability analysis has identified some initial obstacles, such as an apparent cutback in Canon's resource transfers; that could generate protests from some affected populations, so that the Sovereign Wealth Fund may be implemented, when the economic scenario allows it.
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Keywords
Gobierno municipal--Perú--La Convención (Cuzco : Provincia), Administración pública--Perú--La Convención (Cuzco : Provincia), Gas natural--Perú--La Convención (Cuzco : Provincia), Corrupción política--Perú--La Convención (Cuzco : Provincia), Inversiones públicas--Perú----La Convención (Cuzco : Provincia)
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