Violencia simbólica, masculinidad hegemónica y creencias marianas en jóvenes de Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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La presente investigación analizó la relación entre violencia simbólica, masculinidad
hegemónica y creencias marianas en estudiantes universitarios varones de Lima
Metropolitana, de 18 a 25 años. El objetivo general fue examinar cómo estos constructos
interactúan en la configuración de actitudes que legitiman la violencia basada en género. Se
empleó un diseño cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y comparativo, con una muestra
de 102 participantes seleccionados por muestreo en cadena. Los instrumentos utilizados
fueron Marianismo Beliefs Scale, Inventario Abreviado de Roles de Masculinidad
Hegemónica y Escala de Violencia Simbólica. El análisis estadístico incluyó pruebas U de
Mann-Whitney, correlaciones de Spearman y un modelo de regresión lineal.
Los resultados evidenciaron correlaciones positivas y significativas entre violencia simbólica,
masculinidad hegemónica y creencias marianas. El modelo de regresión lineal resultó
significativo (R² ajustado = .768, p < .001), identificando a la masculinidad hegemónica (β =
.637, p < .001) como principal predictor de la aceptación de violencia simbólica, seguida por
las creencias marianas (β = .293, p < .001). Asimismo, se hallaron diferencias significativas
en creencias marianas entre católicos y no católicos (U = 1062.5, p = .043), pero no en
función de la religión familiar, lo que resalta que la transmisión de valores patriarcales se
produce a nivel social más allá del ámbito doméstico. Se concluye que la violencia simbólica
constituye la base de otras formas de violencia, demandando la transformación de imaginarios
sociales en espacios educativos y comunitarios para promover masculinidades plurales,
equitativas y no violentas.
This study examined the relationship between symbolic violence, hegemonic masculinity, and Marian beliefs among male university students in Lima Metropolitan Area, aged 18 to 25. The general objective was to analyze how these constructs interact in shaping attitudes that legitimize gender-based violence. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and comparative design was employed, with a sample of 102 participants recruited through chain sampling. The instruments applied were the Marianismo Beliefs Scale, the Abbreviated Inventory of Hegemonic Masculinity Roles, and the Symbolic Violence Scale. Statistical analyses included Mann–Whitney U tests, Spearman’s correlations, and a linear regression model. The findings revealed positive and significant correlations among symbolic violence, hegemonic masculinity, and Marian beliefs. The regression model was significant (adjusted R² = .768, p < .001), identifying hegemonic masculinity (β = .637, p < .001) as the strongest predictor of acceptance of symbolic violence, followed by Marian beliefs (β = .293, p < .001). Significant differences were also found in Marian beliefs between Catholic and non-Catholic participants (U = 1062.5, p = .043), but not in relation to family religion, underscoring that the transmission of patriarchal values operates at a broader societal level beyond the domestic sphere. The study concludes that symbolic violence constitutes the foundation of more explicit forms of violence, highlighting the urgent need to transform social imaginaries within educational and community settings to foster plural, egalitarian, and non-violent masculinities.
This study examined the relationship between symbolic violence, hegemonic masculinity, and Marian beliefs among male university students in Lima Metropolitan Area, aged 18 to 25. The general objective was to analyze how these constructs interact in shaping attitudes that legitimize gender-based violence. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and comparative design was employed, with a sample of 102 participants recruited through chain sampling. The instruments applied were the Marianismo Beliefs Scale, the Abbreviated Inventory of Hegemonic Masculinity Roles, and the Symbolic Violence Scale. Statistical analyses included Mann–Whitney U tests, Spearman’s correlations, and a linear regression model. The findings revealed positive and significant correlations among symbolic violence, hegemonic masculinity, and Marian beliefs. The regression model was significant (adjusted R² = .768, p < .001), identifying hegemonic masculinity (β = .637, p < .001) as the strongest predictor of acceptance of symbolic violence, followed by Marian beliefs (β = .293, p < .001). Significant differences were also found in Marian beliefs between Catholic and non-Catholic participants (U = 1062.5, p = .043), but not in relation to family religion, underscoring that the transmission of patriarchal values operates at a broader societal level beyond the domestic sphere. The study concludes that symbolic violence constitutes the foundation of more explicit forms of violence, highlighting the urgent need to transform social imaginaries within educational and community settings to foster plural, egalitarian, and non-violent masculinities.
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Violencia contra la mujer, Masculinidad (Psicología)--Perú, Género--Investigaciones--Perú
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