La primacía del apellido paterno en el Perú: desafíos y propuestas hacia la igualdad de género
Date
2025-03-14
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Abstract
El trabajo académico aborda el sistema de atribución de apellidos en el Perú,
centrado en la tradición de la primacía del apellido paterno y su vínculo con
estructuras patriarcales. Este esquema, regulado históricamente por el Código
Civil desde la época colonial, ha sido objeto de críticas al no alinearse con los
principios de igualdad de género y no discriminación. La investigación explora
cómo la legislación peruana, a través del art. 20 del Código Civil, perpetúa esta
tradición, a pesar de que su interpretación constitucional permite la libre elección
del orden de apellidos.
Se analizan casos emblemáticos del Tribunal Constitucional y de otros juzgados
que han cuestionado la prioridad del apellido paterno, defendiendo el derecho a
la identidad y el derecho a la igualdad y no discriminación por género. Además,
se compara la regulación peruana con la legislación de países como España,
Argentina, Colombia y Chile, que han avanzado hacia sistemas más igualitarios.
El trabajo aboga por una reforma que garantice la libertad de elección del orden
de apellidos, considerando las demandas sociales y los estándares
internacionales en derechos humanos. Asimismo, se enfatiza la necesidad de
una legislación más completa y adecuada al contexto peruano para superar las
barreras legales y culturales que perpetúan desigualdades.
The academic work addresses the system of surname attribution in Peru, focusing on the tradition of paternal surname primacy and its link to patriarchal structures. This scheme, historically regulated by the Civil Code since colonial times, has been criticized for not aligning with principles of gender equality and non-discrimination. The research explores how Peruvian legislation, through Article 20 of the Civil Code, perpetuates this tradition, despite its constitutional interpretation allowing for the free choice of surname order. The study analyzes landmark cases from the Constitutional Court and other judicial bodies that have challenged the priority of the paternal surname, defending the right to identity and the right to equality and non-discrimination based on gender. Additionally, it compares Peruvian regulations with the legislation of countries such as Spain, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile, which have made progress toward more egalitarian systems. The work advocates for a reform that ensures the freedom to choose the order of surnames, considering social demands and international human rights standards. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for more comprehensive legislation tailored to the Peruvian context to overcome the legal and cultural barriers that perpetuate inequalities.
The academic work addresses the system of surname attribution in Peru, focusing on the tradition of paternal surname primacy and its link to patriarchal structures. This scheme, historically regulated by the Civil Code since colonial times, has been criticized for not aligning with principles of gender equality and non-discrimination. The research explores how Peruvian legislation, through Article 20 of the Civil Code, perpetuates this tradition, despite its constitutional interpretation allowing for the free choice of surname order. The study analyzes landmark cases from the Constitutional Court and other judicial bodies that have challenged the priority of the paternal surname, defending the right to identity and the right to equality and non-discrimination based on gender. Additionally, it compares Peruvian regulations with the legislation of countries such as Spain, Argentina, Colombia, and Chile, which have made progress toward more egalitarian systems. The work advocates for a reform that ensures the freedom to choose the order of surnames, considering social demands and international human rights standards. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for more comprehensive legislation tailored to the Peruvian context to overcome the legal and cultural barriers that perpetuate inequalities.
Description
Keywords
Discriminación sexual contra las mujeres--Perú, Nombres--Legislación--Perú, Igualdad ante la ley--Perú, Derechos civiles--Perú