Resiliencia, bienestar y expresión artística en jóvenes en situación de pobreza
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2016-10-04
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo describir la relación entre resiliencia, bienestar y práctica artística en jóvenes que viven en pobreza y pobreza extrema. Se contó con la participación de 202 jóvenes entre 18 y 25 años de edad. Del total de participantes, 122 –grupo de estudio- practicaban algún tipo de expresión artística y 80 –grupo de comparación- compartían características sociodemográficas con el grupo de estudio, mas no realizaban ningún tipo de práctica artística. Para evaluar la resiliencia se utilizó la escala Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA; Hjemdal, Friborg, Martinussen, y Rosenvinge, 2001) y para evaluar el bienestar se utilizaron las escalas Flourishing Scale y Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (FS y SPANE; Diener et al. 2010). Se encontró que las personas que realizan actividades artísticas presentaron mayores puntajes en RSA, FS y SPANE que aquellas que no. Asimismo, se hallaron relaciones positivas entre bienestar y la cantidad de horas de práctica a la semana; entre la dimensión de resiliencia “Recursos Sociales” y la cantidad de años de práctica; y entre la importancia de la práctica artística con bienestar y resiliencia. Se concluye que aquellos jóvenes que viven en contextos empobrecidos y practican arte presentan mayores niveles de bienestar y resiliencia que aquellos que no realizan este tipo de actividades. El involucramiento en espacios de expresión artística les proveería de recursos psicológicos y la forma colectiva en la que practican arte influenciaría en el sentido de pertenencia a sus grupos, lo que fomentaría mayores niveles de resiliencia y bienestar.
This research aimed to describe the relationship between Resilience, Well Being and Artistic Expression of a group of young adults who live in poverty and extreme poverty. To do this, we evaluated 202 young adults between 18 and 25 years old. Of the total participants, 122 -group of study- practiced some kind of artistic expression and 80 -group of comparison- shared sociodemographic characteristics with the group of study, but did not perform any artistic practice. We used the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA; Hjemdal, Friborg, Martinussen, and Rosenvinge, 2001) to evaluate resilience and the Flourishing Scale and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (FS and SPANE; Diener et al., 2010) to evaluate Well Being. We found that the people who practiced artistic activities had higher scores on RSA, FS and SPANE than those who did not practice any kind of artistic activity. In addition, we found positive relationships between Well Being and the number of hours of practice a week; between the dimension of Resilience “Social resources” and the number of years of practice; and between the importance of the artistic practice with Well Being and Resilience. We conclude that the young adults who live in impoverished contexts and practice artistic activities have higher levels of Well Being and Resilience than those who do not practice artistic activities. The involvement in artistic activities provides them with psychological resources and the collective way they practice artistic expression influences the sense of belonging to their groups, encouraging higher levels of Resilience and Well Being.
This research aimed to describe the relationship between Resilience, Well Being and Artistic Expression of a group of young adults who live in poverty and extreme poverty. To do this, we evaluated 202 young adults between 18 and 25 years old. Of the total participants, 122 -group of study- practiced some kind of artistic expression and 80 -group of comparison- shared sociodemographic characteristics with the group of study, but did not perform any artistic practice. We used the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA; Hjemdal, Friborg, Martinussen, and Rosenvinge, 2001) to evaluate resilience and the Flourishing Scale and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (FS and SPANE; Diener et al., 2010) to evaluate Well Being. We found that the people who practiced artistic activities had higher scores on RSA, FS and SPANE than those who did not practice any kind of artistic activity. In addition, we found positive relationships between Well Being and the number of hours of practice a week; between the dimension of Resilience “Social resources” and the number of years of practice; and between the importance of the artistic practice with Well Being and Resilience. We conclude that the young adults who live in impoverished contexts and practice artistic activities have higher levels of Well Being and Resilience than those who do not practice artistic activities. The involvement in artistic activities provides them with psychological resources and the collective way they practice artistic expression influences the sense of belonging to their groups, encouraging higher levels of Resilience and Well Being.
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Resiliencia., Bienestar., Arte--Psicología., Pobreza.
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