Planteamiento estratégico del sector automotor de Colombia
Date
2019-05-07
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El sector automotriz colombiano ha venido creciendo de manera constante siguiendo la
tendencia general de la economía del país de los últimos años. Para el mediano y largo plazo
se espera que la tendencia sea positiva en razón al bajo índice de penetración de vehículos en
el país en comparación con mercados similares al colombiano. Lo anterior se debe en gran
medida al buen ambiente político, la apertura de la economía y la estabilidad fiscal que
protege e incentiva la inversión y el desarrollo económico.
La presente tesis busca generar una visión holística para el sector automotriz
colombiano, que a través de la implementación del proceso estratégico le permitirá lograr
objetivos para Largo Plazo:
OLP1 Crear para el año 2018 un gremio del sector automotor que agrupe por lo menos
al 80% de los importadores y ensambladores de tal forma que a través de este se pueda tener
una mejor influencia y representación frente a los stakeholders del sector.
OLP2 Desarrollar dos nuevos segmentos de mercado amigables con el medio
ambiente para el año 2018, produciendo e importando vehículos híbridos y eléctricos que
tendrán mayor aceptación en el consumidor colombiano y que hoy en día son inexistentes.
OLP3 Integrar las intenciones de sector y del Estado, con el fin de lograr que para el
año 2018 se tengan al menos 4,000 km de doble calzada partiendo de 1,000 km a finales de
2012.
OLP4 Incrementar la venta de unidades en un 15% para el año 2018 versus las ventas
del 2012.
OLP5 Incrementar la confianza inversionista del sector automotor en un 10% y
alcanzar un margen financiero del 15% anual para el año 2018. Los anteriores objetivos con la mayor independencia de la volatilidad y cambios
macroeconómicos que puedan afectar al país en el futuro. Siendo este sector un motor de
desarrollo económico y social del país basándose en sus ventajas competitivas como son la
existencia de plantas para el ensamblaje de vehículos, variedad de tratados de libre comercio
con países claves en la producción de vehículos y el alto nivel educativo de la población;
lograría posicionarse como un sector líder en la industria nacional y un ejemplo a seguir a
nivel latinoamericano por su crecimiento sostenido y atractivo económico.
Dentro del desarrollo del proceso estratégico, se identificaron y retuvieron diez sólidas
estrategias que abarcan desde la creación de un instituto de fomento del sector automotriz,
ampliar la capacidad instalada hasta lograr la integración de los diferentes actores del sector
que para implementarse exitosamente se necesitará de un liderazgo positivo y unificador de
los importadores, ensambladores de vehículos.
The Colombian automotive industry has been showing a constant growth following the national economy trend in the last years. By mid and long term is been expected a positive growth according with the low vehicle penetration in comparison with other similar markets. The political stability, markets aperture and the fiscal steadiness have been key factors for these achievements. This work shows a general vision for the Colombian automotive vertical a how by mean of strategic process implementation it will reach its long term objectives independently of the economical and environmental volatility that can outcome in the future. Long Term Objective 1: For 2018, a new automotive association which aggregate at least 80% of assemblers and importers. Long Term Objective 2: Develop two new and high potential clean technologies segments by 2018, making and importing hybrid and electric vehicles. Long Term Objective 3: Reach 4.000 km of two lane and paved roads by 2018 starting from 1.000 km in 2012 Long Term Objective 4: To increase 15% unit sales for 2018 versus 2012 Long Term Objective 5: To increase 10% investor confidence and reach a 15% operational margin for 2018 This sector has become a social and economical engine due to its competitive advantages such as the local production of vehicles, the free trade agreements (FTA) with several countries and a high educational level of the population, could lead this sector to become a national industry leader and a reference for the Latin-American region for its growing and economical attractiveness. In this strategic process, were identified y retained ten solid strategies than varies from the establishment of a sector development institute, increase the national assembling capacity to archive the industry integration of the main stakeholders. All these require a high committed and positive leadership that unify the importers and national assemblers.
The Colombian automotive industry has been showing a constant growth following the national economy trend in the last years. By mid and long term is been expected a positive growth according with the low vehicle penetration in comparison with other similar markets. The political stability, markets aperture and the fiscal steadiness have been key factors for these achievements. This work shows a general vision for the Colombian automotive vertical a how by mean of strategic process implementation it will reach its long term objectives independently of the economical and environmental volatility that can outcome in the future. Long Term Objective 1: For 2018, a new automotive association which aggregate at least 80% of assemblers and importers. Long Term Objective 2: Develop two new and high potential clean technologies segments by 2018, making and importing hybrid and electric vehicles. Long Term Objective 3: Reach 4.000 km of two lane and paved roads by 2018 starting from 1.000 km in 2012 Long Term Objective 4: To increase 15% unit sales for 2018 versus 2012 Long Term Objective 5: To increase 10% investor confidence and reach a 15% operational margin for 2018 This sector has become a social and economical engine due to its competitive advantages such as the local production of vehicles, the free trade agreements (FTA) with several countries and a high educational level of the population, could lead this sector to become a national industry leader and a reference for the Latin-American region for its growing and economical attractiveness. In this strategic process, were identified y retained ten solid strategies than varies from the establishment of a sector development institute, increase the national assembling capacity to archive the industry integration of the main stakeholders. All these require a high committed and positive leadership that unify the importers and national assemblers.
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Keywords
Sector automotor--Colombia, Planificación estratégica
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