Adherencia al tratamiento e incertidumbre en pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino
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2016-11-14
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo general de la presente investigación fue explorar la relación entre la adherencia al tratamiento y la incertidumbre en una muestra de mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de cuello uterino, pacientes de una institución oncológica especializada en Lima, Perú. Dicha muestra estuvo compuesta por 92 mujeres con edades entre 30 y 60 años (M=49.05; DE=8.36), quienes recibían tratamiento ambulatorio de radioterapia y quimioterapia de manera concurrente, y que pertenecían a los estadios clínicos II (75%) y III (25%). Para ello, se empleó la Escala de Adherencia al Tratamiento del Cáncer, EATC (Raymundo, 2011) y la Escala de Incertidumbre ante la Enfermedad de Mishel, MUIS (Mejía, 2012). Entre los resultados más resaltantes se encontró que el 48.9% de las participantes presentaban un nivel promedio alto de adherencia al tratamiento del cáncer, mientras que el 28.3% presentó un nivel promedio. En cuanto a la incertidumbre, la gran mayoría (80.4%) se ubicó en un nivel alto de incertidumbre respecto a su situación de salud. Adicionalmente, respondiendo al propósito central, se halló una relación significativa inversa de intensidad baja entre ambos constructos (rs=-.23; p=.03), evidenciando que a mayores niveles de incertidumbre existiría una tendencia a poseer una menor adherencia al tratamiento oncológico. Los hallazgos mencionados permiten discutir las implicaciones metodológicas (ej. confiabilidad), al mismo tiempo que brindan aportes clínicos que podrían beneficiar la intervención de los pacientes oncológicos.
This study aimed to explore the relationship between treatment adherence and uncertainty in a sample of women diagnosed with cervical cancer who were patients in a public oncology hospital in Lima, Perú. Participants included 92 women between 30 and 60 years old (M=49.05; SD=8.36) who received outpatient radiotherapy and chemotherapy concurrently, and who belonged to clinical stages II (75%) and III (25%). The treatment adherence in cancer scale, EATC (Raymundo, 2011), and Mishel´s uncertainty in illness scale, MUIS (Mejía, 2012) were used. Among the most important results, 48.9% of participants had a moderately high level of adherence to cancer treatment, while 28.3% had an average level. The vast majority (80.4%) exhibited a high level of uncertainty about their health situation. Additionally, a significant inverse relationship of low intensity between both constructs (rs=-.23; p=.03) was found, suggesting that, at higher levels of uncertainty there is less adherence to cancer treatment. The methodological implications are discussed (e.g. reliability) as well as clinical contributions that could benefit therapeutic work with cancer patients.
This study aimed to explore the relationship between treatment adherence and uncertainty in a sample of women diagnosed with cervical cancer who were patients in a public oncology hospital in Lima, Perú. Participants included 92 women between 30 and 60 years old (M=49.05; SD=8.36) who received outpatient radiotherapy and chemotherapy concurrently, and who belonged to clinical stages II (75%) and III (25%). The treatment adherence in cancer scale, EATC (Raymundo, 2011), and Mishel´s uncertainty in illness scale, MUIS (Mejía, 2012) were used. Among the most important results, 48.9% of participants had a moderately high level of adherence to cancer treatment, while 28.3% had an average level. The vast majority (80.4%) exhibited a high level of uncertainty about their health situation. Additionally, a significant inverse relationship of low intensity between both constructs (rs=-.23; p=.03) was found, suggesting that, at higher levels of uncertainty there is less adherence to cancer treatment. The methodological implications are discussed (e.g. reliability) as well as clinical contributions that could benefit therapeutic work with cancer patients.
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Adherencia al tratamiento., Incertidumbre., Cáncer., Oncología--Aspectos psicológicos.
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