Participación de las familias en las sesiones de socialización e inter aprendizaje del servicio de acompañamiento a familias del programa nacional Cuna Más, Distrito de Pacaycasa- Ayacucho 2017
Files
Date
2019-12-03
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Durante el año 2017, habiendo identificado una escasa participación de las
familias en las sesiones de socialización e inter-aprendizaje del Servicio de
Acompañamiento a Familias - SAF del Programa Nacional Cuna Mas – PNCM en
el distrito de Pacaycasa, provincia de Huamanga, en el departamento de
Ayacucho, se realiza la presente investigación con el objetivo de conocer, qué
factores impiden que las familias del distrito participen en las sesiones de
socialización mencionada, analizando tres variables: El análisis de la
implementación del enfoque intercultural y de derechos a la educación temprana
que contempla el SAF; la calidad del servicio que se brinda a las familias en el
área rural desde el SAF (particularmente referido al trato de las profesionales y el
tipo de información que reciben las usuarias) y la percepción de las usuarias sobre
las sesiones de socialización e inter aprendizaje el SAF, cuyos resultados
estuvieron orientados a identificar las oportunidades de mejora en la
implementación del SAF del PNCM.
El tema es sumamente relevante puesto que el desarrollo en la primera infancia
se ha reconocido de manera explícita en la agenda de desarrollo mundial y una
de las metas de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible plantea explícitamente que
al año 2030, se debe asegurar que todas las niñas y todos los niños tengan acceso
a servicios de atención y desarrollo en la primera infancia, por el que es importante
garantizar el desarrollo físico, cognitivo, lingüístico y socioemocional de las niñas
y niños para generar beneficios a largo plazo para la salud, la educación y otros
aspectos sociales y económicos.
La investigación se realizó través del estudio de caso, con una metodología
cualitativa a través del método narrativo. Se aplicó técnicas como entrevistas a la
Acompañante Técnico, Facilitadoras y a una muestra de 20 madres de familia con
quienes se realizó grupos focales, permitiendo triangular la información.
Los resultados de la investigación señalan que la limitada participación de las
familias en las sesiones de socialización e inter-aprendizaje del Servicio de
Acompañamiento a Familias en Pacaycasa está influenciada, entre otros, por los
siguientes factores: las interferencias que se generan en las sesiones, puesto que
éstas se desarrollan en la plaza de la localidad, donde no se usa el equipamiento
adecuado para la sesión, hace falta un local implementado para el desarrollo de
las sesiones y el trabajo con los niños y niñas; la sobrecarga de trabajo de la
Acompañante Técnico del SAF para atender una población mayor de 150 familias,
limita una efectiva asistencia técnica a las familias; el contenido temático de las
sesiones de socialización e inter aprendizaje que viene diseñada desde la sede
central y no se contextualiza de acuerdo a la cultura y prácticas de crianza de las
familias rurales; el Comité de Gestión y de Vigilancia del SAF no está activo por
tanto el Programa no tiene seguimiento y retroalimentación respectiva, hechos que
afectan la calidad del servicio.
Las sesiones de socialización e inter aprendizaje del SAF se han desarrollado con
el enfoque de derechos a la educación temprana, valorado por las madres y
sobretodo practicados en el refuerzo individual en los hogares, utilizando el juego
y la interacción con los adultos para promover hábitos de convivencia y
socialización sobre los cuidados y atenciones que debe recibir los niños y niñas
durante la primera infancia para desarrollar todo su potencial en cuanto a su
capacidad de atención y concentración, desarrollo del lenguaje, conocimientos y
estímulos orientados a lograr su desarrollo.
Sin embargo, el enfoque intercultural se ha traducido solo en el uso del idioma
quechua. No se ha observado el esfuerzo de contextualizar los materiales o
dinámicas metodológicas a la vivencia o cosmovisión de los hogares en
Pacaycasa.
Las madres han manifestado que el trato de los profesionales fue bueno, con
respeto, amabilidad y perciben este servicio como una oportunidad que genera
cambios en sus niños y niñas ya que son más despiertos y se comunican mejor
con los otros niños y con su entorno y que se sienten preparados para lograr una
transición positiva a la etapa inicial y que ellas tienen la posibilidad de dialogar e
interactuar con las otras madres para mejorar las prácticas de cuidado y
aprendizaje de los niños y niñas menores de 36 meses.
Como oportunidades de mejora se puede señalar que en las sesiones de
socialización e inter aprendizaje del SAF se implemente protocolos de adecuación
cultural del servicio; contar con un local para el desarrollo de las sesiones;
implementación mensual de las sesiones, equipamiento de materiales adecuados
para el ámbito y contexto geográfico y el funcionamiento de los Comité de Gestión
y de Vigilancia para mejorar el seguimiento de la calidad en la gestión, el diseño
de estrategias y políticas del Servicio de Acompañamiento - SAF del Programa
Cuna Más
During the year 2017, having identified a scarce participation of families in the socialization and inter-learning sessions of the Servicio de Acompañamiento a Familias (SAF) of the Programa Nacional Cuna Mas (PNCM) in the district of Pacaycasa, province of Huamanga, in the department of Ayacucho, the present investigation is carried out with the objective of knowing what factors prevent the families of the district from participating in the socialization sessions, analyzing three variables: The analysis of the implementation of the intercultural approach and rights to early education that contemplates the SAF; the quality of the service provided to families in the rural area from the SAF (particularly referring to the treatment of professionals and the type of information received by legal users) and the users’ perception of the socialization and inter-learning sessions of the SAF, which results were aimed at identifying opportunities for improvement in the implementation of the SAF of the PNCM. The topic is extremely relevant since early childhood development has been explicitly recognized in the global development agenda and one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals explicitly states that by 2030, it must be ensured that all children have access to care and development services in early childhood, for which it is important to ensure the physical, cognitive, linguistic and socioemotional development of girls and boys to generate long-term benefits for health, education and other social and economic aspects. The investigation was carried out through the case study, with a qualitative methodology through the narrative method. Techniques, such as interviews, were applied to the Technical Assistant, Facilitators and a sample of 20 mothers with whom focal groups were held, allowing to triangulate the information. The results of the research indicate that the limited participation of families in the socialization and inter-learning sessions of the Servicio de Acompañamiento a Familias (SAF) in Pacaycasa is influenced, among others, by the following factors: the interferences generated in the sessions, since these take place in the town square, where the appropriate equipment is not used for the session, a place is needed for the development of the sessions and the work with the children; the work overload of the Technical Assistant of the SAF to assist a population of more than 150 families limits an effective technical assistance to the families; the thematic content of the socialization and inter-learning sessions that is designed from the central headquarters and is not contextualized according to the culture and practices of raising rural families; The Management and Vigilance Committee of the SAF is not active therefore the program does not have any follow-up and respective feedback, facts that affect the quality of the service. The socialization and inter-learning sessions of the SAF have been developed with a focus on rights to early education, valued by mothers and, above all, practiced in individual reinforcement at home, using play and interaction with adults to promote habits of socialization and coexistence about and attention that children should receive during early childhood to develop their full potential in terms of their attention and concentration capacity, language development, knowledge and stimuli aimed to achieve their development. However, the intercultural approach has converted into the use of the Quechua language. The effort to contextualize the materials or methodological dynamics to the experience or cosmovision of the homes in Pacaycasa has not been observed. Mothers who are users of the PNCM have manifested that the treatment of the professionals was good, with respect, kindness and perceived this service as an opportunity that generates changes in their children because they are more aware and communicate better with other children and their environment. They feel prepared to achieve a positive transition to the initial stage and that they have the possibility to dialogue and interact with other parents to improve the care and learning practices of children under 36 months of age. As opportunities for improvement the following can be pointed out: in socialization and inter-learning sessions of the SAF, protocols of cultural adaptation of the service should be implemented; implement a place for the development of the sessions; monthly implementation of the sessions, equipment of suitable materials for the scope and geographical context and the functioning of the Management and Vigilance Committee to improve the monitoring of the quality of the management, the design of strategies and policies of the Servicio de Acompañamiento a Familias (SAF) of the Programa Nacional Cuna Mas.
During the year 2017, having identified a scarce participation of families in the socialization and inter-learning sessions of the Servicio de Acompañamiento a Familias (SAF) of the Programa Nacional Cuna Mas (PNCM) in the district of Pacaycasa, province of Huamanga, in the department of Ayacucho, the present investigation is carried out with the objective of knowing what factors prevent the families of the district from participating in the socialization sessions, analyzing three variables: The analysis of the implementation of the intercultural approach and rights to early education that contemplates the SAF; the quality of the service provided to families in the rural area from the SAF (particularly referring to the treatment of professionals and the type of information received by legal users) and the users’ perception of the socialization and inter-learning sessions of the SAF, which results were aimed at identifying opportunities for improvement in the implementation of the SAF of the PNCM. The topic is extremely relevant since early childhood development has been explicitly recognized in the global development agenda and one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals explicitly states that by 2030, it must be ensured that all children have access to care and development services in early childhood, for which it is important to ensure the physical, cognitive, linguistic and socioemotional development of girls and boys to generate long-term benefits for health, education and other social and economic aspects. The investigation was carried out through the case study, with a qualitative methodology through the narrative method. Techniques, such as interviews, were applied to the Technical Assistant, Facilitators and a sample of 20 mothers with whom focal groups were held, allowing to triangulate the information. The results of the research indicate that the limited participation of families in the socialization and inter-learning sessions of the Servicio de Acompañamiento a Familias (SAF) in Pacaycasa is influenced, among others, by the following factors: the interferences generated in the sessions, since these take place in the town square, where the appropriate equipment is not used for the session, a place is needed for the development of the sessions and the work with the children; the work overload of the Technical Assistant of the SAF to assist a population of more than 150 families limits an effective technical assistance to the families; the thematic content of the socialization and inter-learning sessions that is designed from the central headquarters and is not contextualized according to the culture and practices of raising rural families; The Management and Vigilance Committee of the SAF is not active therefore the program does not have any follow-up and respective feedback, facts that affect the quality of the service. The socialization and inter-learning sessions of the SAF have been developed with a focus on rights to early education, valued by mothers and, above all, practiced in individual reinforcement at home, using play and interaction with adults to promote habits of socialization and coexistence about and attention that children should receive during early childhood to develop their full potential in terms of their attention and concentration capacity, language development, knowledge and stimuli aimed to achieve their development. However, the intercultural approach has converted into the use of the Quechua language. The effort to contextualize the materials or methodological dynamics to the experience or cosmovision of the homes in Pacaycasa has not been observed. Mothers who are users of the PNCM have manifested that the treatment of the professionals was good, with respect, kindness and perceived this service as an opportunity that generates changes in their children because they are more aware and communicate better with other children and their environment. They feel prepared to achieve a positive transition to the initial stage and that they have the possibility to dialogue and interact with other parents to improve the care and learning practices of children under 36 months of age. As opportunities for improvement the following can be pointed out: in socialization and inter-learning sessions of the SAF, protocols of cultural adaptation of the service should be implemented; implement a place for the development of the sessions; monthly implementation of the sessions, equipment of suitable materials for the scope and geographical context and the functioning of the Management and Vigilance Committee to improve the monitoring of the quality of the management, the design of strategies and policies of the Servicio de Acompañamiento a Familias (SAF) of the Programa Nacional Cuna Mas.
Description
Keywords
Niños--Programas sociales--Perú, Educación preescolar--Perú, Familia--Condiciones sociales--Perú, Interculturalidad--Perú--Ayacucho
Citation
Collections
Endorsement
Review
Supplemented By
Referenced By
Creative Commons license
Except where otherwised noted, this item's license is described as info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess