Estudio teórico y experimental del comportamiento dinámico de una estructura articulada cuya geometría es modificada por elementos tensores en forma análoga a una articulación del dedo humano, sistema aplicado al desarrollo potencial de elementos alares de aeronaves subsónicas
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2024-06-05
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El objetivo general de esta tesis es estudiar teórica y experimentalmente el comportamiento
dinámico de una estructura articulada construida a partir de elementos viga y barra que es
utilizada como modelo simplificado de un ala articulada de una aeronave subsónica y cuya
geometría es modificada mediante un sistema propuesto de actuación análogo al hallado en una
articulación del dedo humano.
Inspirado en los sistemas de extensión y flexión del dedo humano, el sistema propuesto de
actuación consiste en el uso de cables tensores a modo de tendones artificiales para modificar
la rigidez y permitir el cambio geométrico de la estructura estudiada. Al permitir que alas
articuladas adapten una posición óptima durante todas las fases de vuelo, este sistema de
actuación generaría operaciones más eficientes y una menor huella de carbono que las alas
rígidas, las cuales están normalmente diseñadas para tener un desempeño óptimo sólo en el
rango de velocidad crucero.
Para estudiar el comportamiento dinámico de la estructura articulada con tendones artificiales,
se desarrollaron tres modelos matemáticos y se formularon sus ecuaciones de movimiento.
Asimismo, se construyó un modelo experimental y se diseñó tres grupos de experimentos para
evaluar los efectos de las variaciones de tensión y geometría sobre las frecuencias naturales de
la estructura.
A partir de la comparación de resultados teóricos y experimentales, se concluyó que los
modelos matemáticos propuestos son adecuados para predecir el comportamiento dinámico de
la estructura articulada con tendones artificiales, y que las modificaciones de tensión y
geometría reconfiguran las frecuencias naturales del sistema dinámico.
The objective of this thesis is to study theoretically and experimentally the dynamic response of an articulated structure based on beam and bar elements that is used as a simplified model of an articulated subsonic aircraft wing, and whose geometry is modified through a proposed actuation system analogous to the one found in an articulation of the human finger. Inspired in the extension and flexion systems of the human finger, the proposed actuation system consists of tensioning cables that work as artificial tendons to modify both stiffness and geometry of the structure in study. By enabling articulated wings to adapt an optimal position during all flight phases, the proposed actuation system would generate more efficient operations and a smaller carbon footprint than rigid wings, which are typically designed to perform optimally at cruise only. To study the dynamic response of an articulated structure with artificial tendons, three mathematical models were developed, and their equations of motion were formulated. Additionally, an experimental model was built, and three groups of experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of the variation in tension and wing position (extension/flexion) upon the natural frequencies of the structure. Based on the assessment of theoretical and experimental results, it was concluded that the mathematical models proposed for the articulated structure actuated with artificial tendons are adequate to predict the dynamic response of the structure, and that variations in tension and wing position (extension/flexion) reconfigure the natural frequencies of the dynamic system.
The objective of this thesis is to study theoretically and experimentally the dynamic response of an articulated structure based on beam and bar elements that is used as a simplified model of an articulated subsonic aircraft wing, and whose geometry is modified through a proposed actuation system analogous to the one found in an articulation of the human finger. Inspired in the extension and flexion systems of the human finger, the proposed actuation system consists of tensioning cables that work as artificial tendons to modify both stiffness and geometry of the structure in study. By enabling articulated wings to adapt an optimal position during all flight phases, the proposed actuation system would generate more efficient operations and a smaller carbon footprint than rigid wings, which are typically designed to perform optimally at cruise only. To study the dynamic response of an articulated structure with artificial tendons, three mathematical models were developed, and their equations of motion were formulated. Additionally, an experimental model was built, and three groups of experiments were designed to evaluate the effects of the variation in tension and wing position (extension/flexion) upon the natural frequencies of the structure. Based on the assessment of theoretical and experimental results, it was concluded that the mathematical models proposed for the articulated structure actuated with artificial tendons are adequate to predict the dynamic response of the structure, and that variations in tension and wing position (extension/flexion) reconfigure the natural frequencies of the dynamic system.
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Manipuladores (Mecanismos)--Diseño y construcción, Sistemas dinámicos diferenciales, Aeronaves
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