Medición de radón en suelos de la ciudad de Lima durante el periodo 2016 - 2017
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2019-09-14
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La ciudad de Lima está situada sobre depósitos de abanicos aluviales de ríos que fluyen a través de formaciones geológicas que contienen diferentes niveles de uranio. En este trabajo se realiza un estudio sobre el comportamiento espacial y temporal promedio del gas radón en suelos de la ciudad de Lima. La concentración de radón se determinó utilizando el detector de trazas LR-115 tipo 2 durante 36 períodos, de 14 días cada uno, en veinte hoyos distribuidos en los quince distritos de la Ciudad de Lima. La concentración de radón en los poros del suelo estuvo comprendida entre 0.1 y 64.3 kBq/m3 con un valor promedio de 5.6 kBq/m3. La concentración promedio de radón en el gas del suelo fue aproximadamente dos veces menor en invierno que en las otras estaciones. Los altos valores de radón durante octubre/noviembre de 2017 se relacionaron con los terremotos percibidos en la ciudad de Lima en ese período. Las concentraciones más altas de radón se encontraron en áreas de depósitos aluviales cuyo material parental ha sido removido de los volcánicos Quilmaná y Huarangal por los ríos Chillón y Huaycoloro. Las concentraciones de radón en el gas del suelo fueron incluso mayores en áreas más cercanas a los volcánicos y menos distantes de los ríos. Durante el período de máxima inundación de los ríos Chillón, Rímac y Lurín, debido al fenómeno natural "El Niño Costero", se observaron altas concentraciones anómalas de radón en el suelo en la mayoría de los sitios de medición ubicados cerca de los ríos. Esos altos valores de radón se asociaron con las vibraciones del suelo causadas por avalanchas de rocas y escombros en ríos y quebradas.
Lima City is situated on alluvial fan deposits of rivers flowing through geological formations that contain different levels of uranium. In this paper, a study is made on the average spatial and temporal behavior of radon gas in soils of Lima City. Radon concentration was determined using the LR-115 type 2 track detector during 36 periods, of 14 days each, in twenty holes distributed in the fifteen districts of Lima City. Radon concentration in soil pores ranged from 0.1 to 64.3 kBq/m3 with an average value of 5.6 kBq/m3. The average radon concentration in soil gas was about two times lower in winter than in the other seasons. High radon values during October/November 2017 were related to the earthquakes perceived in Lima City in that period. The highest radon concentrations were found in areas of alluvial deposits whose parental material has been removed from the Quilmaná and Huarangal volcanics by the Chillón and Huaycoloro Rivers. Soil gas radon concentrations were even higher in areas closer to volcanic and less distant from rivers. During the period of maximum flooding of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, due to the natural phenomenon “El Niño Costero”, anomalous high soil radon concentrations were observed in most of the measurement sites located near rivers. These high radon values were associated with ground vibrations caused by rock and debris avalanches in rivers and creeks.
Lima City is situated on alluvial fan deposits of rivers flowing through geological formations that contain different levels of uranium. In this paper, a study is made on the average spatial and temporal behavior of radon gas in soils of Lima City. Radon concentration was determined using the LR-115 type 2 track detector during 36 periods, of 14 days each, in twenty holes distributed in the fifteen districts of Lima City. Radon concentration in soil pores ranged from 0.1 to 64.3 kBq/m3 with an average value of 5.6 kBq/m3. The average radon concentration in soil gas was about two times lower in winter than in the other seasons. High radon values during October/November 2017 were related to the earthquakes perceived in Lima City in that period. The highest radon concentrations were found in areas of alluvial deposits whose parental material has been removed from the Quilmaná and Huarangal volcanics by the Chillón and Huaycoloro Rivers. Soil gas radon concentrations were even higher in areas closer to volcanic and less distant from rivers. During the period of maximum flooding of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, due to the natural phenomenon “El Niño Costero”, anomalous high soil radon concentrations were observed in most of the measurement sites located near rivers. These high radon values were associated with ground vibrations caused by rock and debris avalanches in rivers and creeks.
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Radón, Radón--Mediciones--Perú--Lima, Radioactividad--Perú--Lima, Contaminación ambiental--Perú--Lima
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