Percepciones sobre los impactos socioambientales del derrame de Repsol en el distrito de Ancón y discusiones en torno al Manejo Integrado de Zonas Marino Costeras en el Perú
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
La presente investigación analiza el derrame de petróleo ocurrido en la refinería
La Pampilla en enero de 2022, enfocado en las repercusiones para el distrito de
Ancón. El objetivo principal es examinar la percepción de los impactos sociales y
ambientales derivados del desastre, destacando la importancia de estas
percepciones para orientar los lineamientos que deberían considerarse para una
gestión más efectiva de las zonas marino-costeras. Utilizando un enfoque
cualitativo y perspectiva geográfica, el estudio indaga en cómo los habitantes
experimentaron y percibieron los efectos del derrame en sus actividades, medios
de vida, ocupaciones y entorno natural.
Se profundiza en comprender los vínculos existentes entre el territorio y las
actividades humanas y cómo las percepciones influyen en la toma de decisiones.
Para ello, se sustenta en conceptos derivados de la Geografía de la percepción y
el comportamiento, un marco clave para comprender cómo la sociedad valora y
decide sobre su entorno, y en el manejo integrado de zonas marino-costeras, que
considera la interacción entre factores ambientales, sociales y económicos para
una planificación y uso sostenible de estos espacios.
A partir del uso de técnicas cualitativas como la observación directa, las
entrevistas y los talleres participativos se logra captar la complejidad de variables
que componen las dimensiones de las experiencias individuales y colectivas. Los
resultados muestran una percepción negativa sobre la manera en que se gestionó
la crisis y destacan la necesidad de la población afectada de proteger su
ecosistema costero y sus actividades económicas.
La investigación concluye que la incorporación de percepciones comunitarias es
esencial para una gestión eficaz de zonas marino-costeras, especialmente dentro
de un contexto de crisis ambientales, destacando la importancia del diseño de
políticas adaptadas a la realidad local y las experiencias vividas por la población.
This research analyzes the oil spill that occurred at the La Pampilla refinery in January 2022, focusing on its repercussions for the district of Ancón. The main objective is to examine the perception of the social and environmental impacts caused by the disaster, emphasizing the importance of these perceptions in guiding policies for a more effective management of marine-coastal areas. Using a qualitative approach and a geographical perspective, the study explores how local inhabitants experienced and perceived the effects of the spill on their activities, livelihoods, occupations, and natural environment. The research delves into the connections between territory and human activities, as well as how perceptions influence decision-making. To this end, it is based on concepts from the Geography of Perception and Behavior, a key framework for understanding how society values and makes decisions regarding its environment, and Integrated Coastal Zone Management, which considers the interaction between environmental, social, and economic factors for the sustainable planning and use of these areas. Through qualitative techniques such as direct observation, interviews, and participatory workshops, the study captures the complexity of variables shaping individual and collective experiences. The findings reveal a predominantly negative perception of the crisis management process and highlight the affected population’s need to protect their coastal ecosystem and economic activities. The research concludes that incorporating community perceptions is essential for the effective management of marine-coastal areas, particularly in the context of environmental crises. It underscores the importance of designing policies that are adapted to local realities and the lived experiences of the affected population.
This research analyzes the oil spill that occurred at the La Pampilla refinery in January 2022, focusing on its repercussions for the district of Ancón. The main objective is to examine the perception of the social and environmental impacts caused by the disaster, emphasizing the importance of these perceptions in guiding policies for a more effective management of marine-coastal areas. Using a qualitative approach and a geographical perspective, the study explores how local inhabitants experienced and perceived the effects of the spill on their activities, livelihoods, occupations, and natural environment. The research delves into the connections between territory and human activities, as well as how perceptions influence decision-making. To this end, it is based on concepts from the Geography of Perception and Behavior, a key framework for understanding how society values and makes decisions regarding its environment, and Integrated Coastal Zone Management, which considers the interaction between environmental, social, and economic factors for the sustainable planning and use of these areas. Through qualitative techniques such as direct observation, interviews, and participatory workshops, the study captures the complexity of variables shaping individual and collective experiences. The findings reveal a predominantly negative perception of the crisis management process and highlight the affected population’s need to protect their coastal ecosystem and economic activities. The research concludes that incorporating community perceptions is essential for the effective management of marine-coastal areas, particularly in the context of environmental crises. It underscores the importance of designing policies that are adapted to local realities and the lived experiences of the affected population.
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Derrame de petróleo--Aspectos sociales--Perú--Ancón (Lima : Distrito), Análisis del impacto ambiental--Perú--Ancón (Lima : Distrito), Administración ambiental--Perú
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