Vulneración al principio de legalidad en las sentencias de hábeas corpus sobre robo agravado expedidas por el Tribunal Constitucional
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
En la primera sección del texto, abordaremos los cuestionamientos a las
competencias del Tribunal Constitucional como órgano revisor material del delito
de robo a través del proceso de Hábeas Corpus. Por ello esta se encuentra
subdividida en tres sub secciones, la primera se encuentra destinada a
desarrollar de forma algo generalizada las competencias que corresponden al
Tribunal Constitucional peruano.
En la segunda subsección, se presenta un breve resumen de los expedientes a
analizar a lo largo de la investigación, los expedientes: N° 0413-2021-PHC/TC,
Exp. N° 01832-2021-PHC/TC y Exp. N° 03246-2021-PHC-TC. Se trata
principalmente de una exposición de los hechos y referencias a algunos de los
argumentos presentados por el Tribunal y los magistrados respecto a las
decisiones.
Por último, se presenta una reflexión concisa, sobre el rol del habeas corpus,
como proceso para impugnar sentencias condenatorias por la comisión del delito
de robo agravado y sus alcances sobre los petitorios presentados
frecuentemente en los expedientes antes mencionados.
En la segunda sección del texto, abordaremos los cuestionamientos que realiza
el Tribunal Constitucional a través de sus pronunciamientos, respecto al principio
de legalidad, así la primera subsección tratará los alcances del principio de
legalidad y la segunda subsección tratará la vulneración del referido principio por
parte del Tribunal Constitucional
En la tercera sección del texto reflexionaremos respecto a la problemática que
se genera cuando el Tribunal Constitucional, mediante sus pronunciamientos
ordena que la judicatura penal ordinaria aplique una pena por debajo del mínimo
de la pena legal que no corresponde, pues en vez de aplicar la pena del robo
agravado por la que la persona fue sentenciada, se ordena aplicar la pena del
robo simple, así en la primera subsección se tratará el sistema escalonado que
establece el especio punitivo que le corresponde al robo agravado, que inclusive
reduce la discrecionalidad del sistema de tercios y en la segunda subsección se
desarrollará los efectos que generan los pronunciamientos del Tribunal
Constitucional cuando ordena la imposición de la pena por debajo del mínimo legal en casos de robo agravado, debiendo precisar que el Tribunal
Constitucional se estaría extralimitando.
In the first section of this text, we will address the challenges raised regarding the powers of the Constitutional Court as a material reviewing body of the offense of robbery through the habeas corpus process. This section is therefore divided into three subsections. The first subsection provides a general overview of the jurisdiction and competencies assigned to the Peruvian Constitutional Court. The second subsection presents a brief summary of the case files to be analyzed throughout the investigation: Case No. 0413-2021-PHC/TC, Case No. 01832- 2021-PHC/TC, and Case No. 03246-2021-PHC/TC. This part consists mainly of an outline of the relevant facts and references to some of the arguments brought forward by the Court and its magistrates in their decisions. Finally, a concise reflection is offered on the role of habeas corpus as a mechanism to challenge criminal convictions for aggravated robbery, examining its scope as it relates to the petitions commonly presented in the aforementioned cases. In the second section, we will examine the Constitutional Court’s reasoning, expressed through its rulings, concerning the principle of legality. The first subsection will discuss the scope and content of the principle of legality, while the second subsection will analyze how the Court’s decisions may constitute a violation of that principle. In the third section of the text, we will reflect on the issues arising when the Constitutional Court, through its rulings, orders the ordinary criminal courts to impose a sentence below the legally established minimum—specifically, when instead of applying the penalty for aggravated robbery, for which the individual was convicted, the Court orders the application of the penalty for simple robbery. Thus, the first subsection will examine the tiered sentencing system that defines the punitive range applicable to aggravated robbery, a system that even limits the discretion allowed under the “three-tier model.” The second subsection will develop the effects generated by the pronouncements of the Constitutional Court when it orders the imposition of the penalty below the legal minimum in cases of
In the first section of this text, we will address the challenges raised regarding the powers of the Constitutional Court as a material reviewing body of the offense of robbery through the habeas corpus process. This section is therefore divided into three subsections. The first subsection provides a general overview of the jurisdiction and competencies assigned to the Peruvian Constitutional Court. The second subsection presents a brief summary of the case files to be analyzed throughout the investigation: Case No. 0413-2021-PHC/TC, Case No. 01832- 2021-PHC/TC, and Case No. 03246-2021-PHC/TC. This part consists mainly of an outline of the relevant facts and references to some of the arguments brought forward by the Court and its magistrates in their decisions. Finally, a concise reflection is offered on the role of habeas corpus as a mechanism to challenge criminal convictions for aggravated robbery, examining its scope as it relates to the petitions commonly presented in the aforementioned cases. In the second section, we will examine the Constitutional Court’s reasoning, expressed through its rulings, concerning the principle of legality. The first subsection will discuss the scope and content of the principle of legality, while the second subsection will analyze how the Court’s decisions may constitute a violation of that principle. In the third section of the text, we will reflect on the issues arising when the Constitutional Court, through its rulings, orders the ordinary criminal courts to impose a sentence below the legally established minimum—specifically, when instead of applying the penalty for aggravated robbery, for which the individual was convicted, the Court orders the application of the penalty for simple robbery. Thus, the first subsection will examine the tiered sentencing system that defines the punitive range applicable to aggravated robbery, a system that even limits the discretion allowed under the “three-tier model.” The second subsection will develop the effects generated by the pronouncements of the Constitutional Court when it orders the imposition of the penalty below the legal minimum in cases of
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Palabras clave
Perú. Tribunal Constitucional--Jurisprudencia, Hábeas corpus--Legislación--Perú, Derecho procesal constitucional--Legislación--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
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