Cambio en las políticas públicas: El caso de la política de Educación Sexual Integral en el Perú (2007-2017)
Date
2021-08-25
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En 2016, se aprobó el Nuevo Currículo de Educación Básica que incluye
Educación Sexual Integral (ESI). Esta junto con el enfoque de género generó
oposición, sin embargo, la ESI no es nueva en el Perú. Más bien, lo que llama la
atención es el nuevo enfoque que ha tomado la política debido a que su
precedente- los Lineamientos y Orientaciones Pedagógica de la ESI que fueron
aprobados en 2008- fue una política con enfoque conservador y alcance limitado.
En ese sentido, resulta interesante preguntarse qué factores han permitido el
cambio en la política de ESI porque existe poca investigación acerca de esta
política en el Perú y, además, hay una agenda abierta sobre el tema en la región
latinoamericana debido a la creciente oposición de grupos conservadores frente
a estas políticas. La investigación utilizará la teoría de Campbell (2014) por lo
cual cuatro de las hipótesis corresponden con los modelos propuestos por el
autor- político, inercial, artifactual y cognitivo. También se testearán dos hipótesis
más- una referida a la importancia de la argumentación y la otra al modelo de
coalición promotora. El diseño que se utilizará es cualitativo de caso único y se
utilizará la metodología de process tracing para poder contrastar adecuadamente
las hipótesis y comprender a detalle cada momento del periodo 2007-2017.
In 2016, the New Basic Education Curriculum was approved, which includes Comprehensive Sex Education (ESI). This, together with the gender approach, generated opposition, however, ESI is not new in Peru. Rather, what is striking is the new approach that the policy has taken because its precedent - the ESI Pedagogical Guidelines and Orientations approved in 2008 - was a policy with a conservative approach and limited scope. In this sense, it is interesting to ask what factors have allowed the change in ESI policy because there is little research on this policy in Peru and, in addition, there is an open agenda on the subject in the Latin American region due to the growing opposition of conservative groups against these policies. The research will use Campbell's theory (2014), therefore, four of the hypotheses correspond to the models proposed by the author-politician, inertial, artifactual and cognitive. Two more hypotheses will also be tested - one referring to the importance of argumentation and the other to the advocacy coalition model. The design to be used is qualitative of a single case and the process tracing methodology will be used to adequately contrast the hypotheses and understand in detail each moment of the period 2007-2017.
In 2016, the New Basic Education Curriculum was approved, which includes Comprehensive Sex Education (ESI). This, together with the gender approach, generated opposition, however, ESI is not new in Peru. Rather, what is striking is the new approach that the policy has taken because its precedent - the ESI Pedagogical Guidelines and Orientations approved in 2008 - was a policy with a conservative approach and limited scope. In this sense, it is interesting to ask what factors have allowed the change in ESI policy because there is little research on this policy in Peru and, in addition, there is an open agenda on the subject in the Latin American region due to the growing opposition of conservative groups against these policies. The research will use Campbell's theory (2014), therefore, four of the hypotheses correspond to the models proposed by the author-politician, inertial, artifactual and cognitive. Two more hypotheses will also be tested - one referring to the importance of argumentation and the other to the advocacy coalition model. The design to be used is qualitative of a single case and the process tracing methodology will be used to adequately contrast the hypotheses and understand in detail each moment of the period 2007-2017.
Description
Keywords
Educación sexual para adolescentes--Perú, Educación y Estado--Perú, Derechos sexuales--Perú