Los docentes y su experiencia en el ejercicio del poder en una institución educativa pública de educación secundaria de Lima
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Resumen
El presente estudio se centra en el ejercicio del poder de los docentes en una
institución educativa pública de nivel secundaria de Lima; en el significado que
éstos le otorgan al poder y las estrategias que utilizan para ejercerlo, a partir del
análisis de las experiencias de seis docentes. El objetivo general de este estudio
es analizar las experiencias de los docentes en el ejercicio del poder. Para el logro
de este propósito se han planteado dos objetivos específicos: indagar cuáles son
los significados que los docentes poseen del constructo poder y explorar cuáles son
las estrategias de poder ejercidas por los docentes desde su experiencia. A partir
de estos objetivos, se derivan dos categorías macro: constructo de poder y
estrategias de poder. Para ello se entrevistó a seis docentes, tres noveles
contratados y tres antiguos nombrados. Este estudio ha sido abordado desde un
enfoque cualitativo utilizando el método de corte fenomenológico, dado que se parte
de la realidad misma del informante y de sus experiencias personales. El objetivo
es responder a la pregunta de investigación ¿Cuáles son las experiencias de los
docentes sobre el ejercicio del poder en una institución educativa (IE) pública de
nivel secundaria de Lima? Para el recojo de la información se utilizó la técnica de
la entrevista semi-estructurada, utilizando un guion elaborado para este propósito,
permitiendo una exploración profunda sobre los significados que los docentes
atribuyen al poder y las estrategias que emplean para ejercerlo. Los hallazgos
muestran que el poder para los docentes está basado en la jerarquía, aspecto
reconocido de forma unánime; en la experiencia y en el conocimiento, siendo esta
última una poderosa arma persuasiva. Las estrategias empleadas para ejercer el
poder, son la confianza y el diálogo. Asimismo, se observa que las alianzas y las
disputas por el detentar el poder son constantes.
This study focuses on the exercise of power by teachers in a public secondary school in Lima. It explores the meanings teachers attribute to power and the strategies they employ in exercising it, based on the analysis of the experiences of six teachers. The general objective of this study is to analyze teachers' experiences in the exercise of power. To achieve this purpose, two specific objectives have been set: to investigate the meanings teachers have regarding the concept of power and to explore the power strategies employed by teachers based on their experiences. Two overarching categories are derived from these objectives: the power construct and power strategies. Six teachers were interviewed for this study, consisting of three newly hired and three veteran teachers. The research adopts a qualitative approach using the phenomenological method, as it starts from the informant's own reality and personal experiences. The aim is to answer the research question: What are the experiences of teachers regarding the exercise of power in a public secondary school in Lima? Data collection utilized the semi-structured interview technique, employing a script developed for this purpose to enable a deep exploration of the meanings teachers attribute to power and the strategies they use to exercise it. Findings reveal that for teachers, power is based on hierarchy, a universally recognized aspect. Experience and knowledge are also identified as sources of power, with the latter being a potent persuasive tool. The strategies employed for exercising power include trust and dialogue. Additionally, the study observes that alliances and disputes over holding power are constant.
This study focuses on the exercise of power by teachers in a public secondary school in Lima. It explores the meanings teachers attribute to power and the strategies they employ in exercising it, based on the analysis of the experiences of six teachers. The general objective of this study is to analyze teachers' experiences in the exercise of power. To achieve this purpose, two specific objectives have been set: to investigate the meanings teachers have regarding the concept of power and to explore the power strategies employed by teachers based on their experiences. Two overarching categories are derived from these objectives: the power construct and power strategies. Six teachers were interviewed for this study, consisting of three newly hired and three veteran teachers. The research adopts a qualitative approach using the phenomenological method, as it starts from the informant's own reality and personal experiences. The aim is to answer the research question: What are the experiences of teachers regarding the exercise of power in a public secondary school in Lima? Data collection utilized the semi-structured interview technique, employing a script developed for this purpose to enable a deep exploration of the meanings teachers attribute to power and the strategies they use to exercise it. Findings reveal that for teachers, power is based on hierarchy, a universally recognized aspect. Experience and knowledge are also identified as sources of power, with the latter being a potent persuasive tool. The strategies employed for exercising power include trust and dialogue. Additionally, the study observes that alliances and disputes over holding power are constant.
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Palabras clave
Profesores de educación secundaria--Perú--Lima--Entrevistas, Poder (Ciencias sociales)--Perú--Lima, Escuelas públicas--Perú--Lima
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