Implementación de un sistema integral de administración de recursos humanos para la optimización de la fase de programación multianual del presupuesto público del Ejército del Perú
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2021-08-09
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
Abstract
Durante la última década, la implementación del presupuesto por resultados en el Perú
ha sido considerado un pilar estratégico en la política de modernización del Estado. La
asignación del presupuesto, de acuerdo a una planificación estratégica, permite lograr
el cumplimiento de objetivos que impactarán en la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos.
Se puede considerar al presupuesto público como el oxígeno que permite a las
instituciones del Estado poder cumplir con sus actividades operativas y el normal
desarrollo de sus funciones.
El Ejército del Perú, desde su creación hasta la actualidad, ha sido una institución
importante para el desarrollo social y económico del Estado. El personal que labora en
esta institución, cumple con diversas funciones que permiten el aseguramiento y la
integridad de la defensa nacional en todo el territorio, permitiendo la implementación y
el normal desarrollo de las políticas públicas. Sin embargo, aún existen debilidades
que afectan a la institución y a los servidores públicos que laboran para el Ejército del
Perú, como es el alto índice de inoportunidad de pago por beneficios sociales durante
el periodo 2016-2018.
En ese sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar
cuáles son las causas potenciales que originan el problema público de la inoportunidad
de pago por beneficios sociales al personal que prestó servicios en la institución. A
partir del análisis causal, se determinó dos puntos críticos que estarían afectando la
asignación de recursos financieros en el presupuesto público para atender
oportunamente el pago de beneficios sociales al personal militar; (i) el inadecuado
proceso interno de la fase de programación multianual del presupuesto público, que es
destinado a los RRHH de la institución y (ii) la descoordinación entre los actores que
intervienen durante el proceso de programación.
Para afrontar el problema público, se ha propuesto la implementación de un Sistema
de Administración de Personal del Ejército (SIAPE), que permitirá sistematizar,
digitalizar y optimizar el proceso interno de la fase de programación multianual del
presupuesto público, que será asignado a los RRHH y mejorar la coordinación entre
los actores responsables. Asimismo, la metodología utilizada en el presente trabajo de
investigación está enmarcado en la revisión de bibliografía especializada y de
normativa sobre presupuesto público, planificación estratégica, gestión de los recursos humanos y gobierno digital, así como la utilización de instrumentos cualitativos como la
observación y técnicas de generación de ideas, revisión de documentación que
sustente la evidencia y entrevistas con profesionales y técnicos en sistemas
informáticos, gestión pública y presupuesto público. Es importante mencionar que, la
información obtenida como parte de la evidencia, entrevistas realizadas, y propuestas
en el presente trabajo de investigación, son únicamente con fines académicos y
proponer mejoras en beneficio de la institución.
In the last decade, the implementation of the budgeting for results (BfR) in Peru has been considered a strategic pillar in the modernization policy of the State. The allocation of the budget, according to strategic planning, allows achieving the objectives that will impact the citizens quality of life. The public budget can be considered as the oxygen that allows State institutions to accomplish their operational activities and the normal development of their functions. The Peruvian Army, since its creation to the present, has been an important institution for the social and economic development of the State. The workers in this institution fulfill various functions that allow the assurance and integrity of national defense throughout the territory, allowing the implementation and normal development of public policies. However, there are still weaknesses that affect the institution and the public servers who work in the Peruvian Army, such as the high rate of inopportunity to pay for social benefits during the 2016-2018 period. In this sense, the present research work aims to determine the potential causes that originate the public problem of the inopportunity of payment for social benefits to the personnel who provided services in the institution. In the causal analysis, two critical points were determined that would be affecting the allocation of financial resources in the public budget to promptly attend to the payment of social benefits to military personnel: (i) the inadequate internal process of the multi-year programming phase of the public budget, which is intended for the institution's HR, and (ii) the lack of coordination between the actors involved during the programming process. To face this public problem, we proposed the implementation of an Army Personnel Administration System (SIAPE). This administrative system will allow the systematization, digitization and optimization of the internal processes of the multi-year programming phase of the public budget, which will be assigned to the human resources and improve coordination between responsible actors. The methodology used in this paper consist in the review of specialized bibliography and regulations on public budget, strategic planning, human resources management and digital government. In addition is the use of qualitative instruments such as observation and techniques generation of ideas, review of documentation that supports the evidence and interviews with professionals and technicians in computer systems, public management and public budget.
In the last decade, the implementation of the budgeting for results (BfR) in Peru has been considered a strategic pillar in the modernization policy of the State. The allocation of the budget, according to strategic planning, allows achieving the objectives that will impact the citizens quality of life. The public budget can be considered as the oxygen that allows State institutions to accomplish their operational activities and the normal development of their functions. The Peruvian Army, since its creation to the present, has been an important institution for the social and economic development of the State. The workers in this institution fulfill various functions that allow the assurance and integrity of national defense throughout the territory, allowing the implementation and normal development of public policies. However, there are still weaknesses that affect the institution and the public servers who work in the Peruvian Army, such as the high rate of inopportunity to pay for social benefits during the 2016-2018 period. In this sense, the present research work aims to determine the potential causes that originate the public problem of the inopportunity of payment for social benefits to the personnel who provided services in the institution. In the causal analysis, two critical points were determined that would be affecting the allocation of financial resources in the public budget to promptly attend to the payment of social benefits to military personnel: (i) the inadequate internal process of the multi-year programming phase of the public budget, which is intended for the institution's HR, and (ii) the lack of coordination between the actors involved during the programming process. To face this public problem, we proposed the implementation of an Army Personnel Administration System (SIAPE). This administrative system will allow the systematization, digitization and optimization of the internal processes of the multi-year programming phase of the public budget, which will be assigned to the human resources and improve coordination between responsible actors. The methodology used in this paper consist in the review of specialized bibliography and regulations on public budget, strategic planning, human resources management and digital government. In addition is the use of qualitative instruments such as observation and techniques generation of ideas, review of documentation that supports the evidence and interviews with professionals and technicians in computer systems, public management and public budget.
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Keywords
Perú. Ejército, Administración de personal--Perú, Gastos públicos--Perú, Compensaciones a los trabajadores--Perú
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