Síntesis de puntos cuánticos de carbono funcionalizados a partir de polisacáridos marinos mediante el método hidrotermal
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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En esta tesis se presenta la síntesis de cuatro tipos de puntos cuánticos de
carbono (CQDs) funcionalizados, utilizando como precursores a polisacáridos marinos
como quitina, quitosano, ulvano y carragenina. Estos polisacáridos renovables y
abundantes fueron seleccionados por su alto contenido de carbono y funcionalidad
química. Los CQDs se obtuvieron por el método hidrotermal empleando el precursor en
un medio acuoso. Este proceso originó nanodominios de carbono con grupos funcionales
en su superficie, que exhiben emisión fotoluminiscente y tamaños inferiores a 10 nm.
El estudio de las propiedades ópticas se realizó mediante Espectroscopía de
Absorción UV-Vis y Espectrometría de Fluorescencia (PL). La caracterización estructural
se realizó por Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier (FT-IR) y
Espectroscopía de Rayos X por Energía Dispersiva (EDS). Los tamaños hidrodinámicos
de los puntos cuánticos se estimaron por Dispersión Dinámica de Luz (DLS) y su
estabilidad coloidal se estudió mediante el potencial zeta. La estabilidad térmica se
evaluó mediante Análisis Termogravimétrico (TGA) y Calorimetría Diferencial de Barrido
(DSC). Los resultados demostraron que la naturaleza de los grupos funcionales
presentes en los CQDs depende del precursor elegido, los cuales influye en el
rendimiento cuántico de fluorescencia.
Finalmente, se evaluó la actividad fotocatalítica de los CQDs para la degradación del
colorante orgánico azul de metileno demostrando el potencial de los precursores marinos
como fuentes sostenibles para la producción de nanomateriales luminiscentes con
potenciales aplicaciones como fotocatalizadores.
This thesis presents the synthesis of four types of functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using marine polysaccharides such as chitin, chitosan, ulvan, and carrageenan as precursors. These renewable and abundant polysaccharides were selected for their high carbon content and chemical functionality. The CQDs were obtained by hydrothermal method using the precursor in an aqueous medium. This process resulted in carbon nanodomains with functional groups on their surfaces, which exhibit photoluminescent emission and sizes less than 10 nm. The optical properties were studied using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence (FL) spectrometry. Structural characterization was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) estimated the hydrodynamic sizes of the quantum dots, and their colloidal stability was studied using zeta potential. Thermal stability was assessed using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The results demonstrated that the nature of the functional groups present in the CQDs depends on the precursor chosen, which influences the fluorescence quantum yield. Finally, the photocatalytic activity of the CQDs for the degradation of the organic dye methylene blue was evaluated, demonstrating the potential of marine precursors as sustainable sources to produce luminescent nanomaterials with potential applications as photocatalysts.
This thesis presents the synthesis of four types of functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) using marine polysaccharides such as chitin, chitosan, ulvan, and carrageenan as precursors. These renewable and abundant polysaccharides were selected for their high carbon content and chemical functionality. The CQDs were obtained by hydrothermal method using the precursor in an aqueous medium. This process resulted in carbon nanodomains with functional groups on their surfaces, which exhibit photoluminescent emission and sizes less than 10 nm. The optical properties were studied using UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence (FL) spectrometry. Structural characterization was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) estimated the hydrodynamic sizes of the quantum dots, and their colloidal stability was studied using zeta potential. Thermal stability was assessed using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The results demonstrated that the nature of the functional groups present in the CQDs depends on the precursor chosen, which influences the fluorescence quantum yield. Finally, the photocatalytic activity of the CQDs for the degradation of the organic dye methylene blue was evaluated, demonstrating the potential of marine precursors as sustainable sources to produce luminescent nanomaterials with potential applications as photocatalysts.
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Puntos cuánticos, Carbono, Polisacáridos, Síntesis inorgánica, Fluorescencia
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