La pedagogía en alternancia: estudio de caso de una I.E. de la selva del Perú
Date
2024-10-31
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Los Centros Rurales de Formación en Alternancia (CRFA), como son denominadas
las instituciones educativas que implementan la pedagogía en alternancia, se
encuentran en el centro de dos problemáticas: la educación rural y la realidad de las
comunidades rurales en el Perú. Estudiarla significa, entonces, partir de dichas
problemáticas para entender su origen, ejecución y perspectivas. Asimismo, abordarla
a partir de sus principales actores contribuye a tener un mejor entendimiento sobre la
dinámica de su funcionamiento que, si bien se implementa en el Perú desde el 2002,
ha experimentado una serie de cambios en los últimos años que han significado
avances y retrocesos en relación tanto a los objetivos planteados por este modelo,
como por los buscados por sus promotores. En ese sentido, la presente investigación
tiene como objetivo describir las limitaciones y potencialidades del modelo secundaria
en alternancia en un caso específico desde las perspectivas del asistente técnico del
Ministerio de Educación, las monitoras y los integrantes de la Asociación CRFA. Para
ello, se llevó a cabo una investigación de enfoque cualitativo a nivel descriptivo y
exploratorio. La información fue recogida a través de entrevistas a profundidad a 15
actores que intervinieron directamente en la ejecución del modelo, lo cual fue
complementado con la observación. Los hallazgos evidencian la importancia central
que adquiere la visión que tiene el Estado del modelo, la cual determina su puesta en
práctica al marcar accionar de las monitoras y la Asociación CRFA.
The Rural Training Centers in Alternance (CRFA, by its Spanish acronym), as the institutions that implement pedagogy of alternation are called, are at the center of two issues: rural education and the reality of rural communities in Peru. Studying it means, then, starting from these issues to understand its origin, execution, and perspectives. Although it has been implemented in Peru since 2002, it has undergone a series of changes in recent years that have meant progress and setbacks in relation to both the objectives set by this model and those sought by its promoters. In this sense, the objective of this research is to describe the limitations and potentialities of the alternating secondary school model in a specific case from the perspectives of the Ministry of Education's technical assistant, the monitors, and the members of the CRFA Association. For this purpose, a descriptive and exploratory qualitative research approach was used. The information was collected through in-depth interviews with 15 actors directly involved in the implementation of the model, which was complemented with observation. The findings show the central importance of the State's vision of the model, which determines its implementation in the actions of the monitors and the CRFA Association.
The Rural Training Centers in Alternance (CRFA, by its Spanish acronym), as the institutions that implement pedagogy of alternation are called, are at the center of two issues: rural education and the reality of rural communities in Peru. Studying it means, then, starting from these issues to understand its origin, execution, and perspectives. Although it has been implemented in Peru since 2002, it has undergone a series of changes in recent years that have meant progress and setbacks in relation to both the objectives set by this model and those sought by its promoters. In this sense, the objective of this research is to describe the limitations and potentialities of the alternating secondary school model in a specific case from the perspectives of the Ministry of Education's technical assistant, the monitors, and the members of the CRFA Association. For this purpose, a descriptive and exploratory qualitative research approach was used. The information was collected through in-depth interviews with 15 actors directly involved in the implementation of the model, which was complemented with observation. The findings show the central importance of the State's vision of the model, which determines its implementation in the actions of the monitors and the CRFA Association.
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Keywords
Educación rural--Perú--Amazonía, Región, Educación secundaria--Investigaciones, Docentes--Actitudes, Pedagogía
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