Análisis contextual-espacial de figurinas moche en San José de Moro: Una aproximación al cuerpo representado y a la ritualidad moche
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Esta tesis examina una expresión del mundo material Moche que ha sido aún muy poco
explorada desde la arqueología: las figurinas cerámicas. En la literatura arqueológica, a
menudo, son consideradas como artefactos íntimamente ligados a la esfera doméstica, así
como al ámbito de lo femenino. No obstante, este paradigma se presenta como insuficiente
no solo para explicar la amplia diversidad de contextos arqueológicos en los que se
encuentran estos objetos, sino también para ahondar en los distintos usos rituales
circunscritos a su manipulación.
Un fino análisis contextual-espacial de figurinas moche procedentes de San José de Moro,
un centro ceremonial y cementerio de élite Moche Medio (450-650 d.C.) y Tardío (650-850
d.C.) del valle de Jequetepeque, permite aportar nuevas miradas sobre su naturaleza,
significado y usos rituales. Dicho análisis contempla dos dimensiones inseparables: i) Los
Aspectos formales de los objetos (e.g., morfología, integridad/fragmentación, decoración,
manufactura y evidencias de posible uso) y ii) Los contextos espaciales en donde fueron
recuperados (e.g., pisos y rellenos arquitectónicos de Huaca La Capilla-San José de Moro;
áreas de festines; y, contextos funerarios). Nuestras interpretaciones estarán enmarcadas
dentro de los planteamientos teóricos de la arqueología del cuerpo y las ontologías andinas,
así como de marcos interpretativos derivados de etnografías sobre el uso y significado de
miniaturas. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se puede sostener que las figurinas moche
participan en diversas prácticas rituales entre las que destacarían i) la “representación” de
individuos específicos, ii) la fragmentación ritual y iii) la conexión con huacas/ancestros
divinizados.
This thesis examines an expression of the Moche material world that has been largely unexplored by archaeology: ceramic figurines. In archaeological literature, they are often considered artifacts closely linked to the domestic sphere, as well as to the feminine realm. However, this paradigm proves insufficient not only to explain the wide diversity of archaeological contexts in which these objects are found, but also to delve into the various ritual uses associated with their manipulation. A detailed contextual-spatial analysis of Moche figurines from San José de Moro, a ceremonial center and elite cemetery of the Middle (450-650 CE) and Late (650-850 CE) Moche periods in the Jequetepeque Valley, offers new insights into their nature, meaning, and ritual uses. This analysis considers two inseparable dimensions: i) the formal aspects of the objects (e.g., morphology, integrity/fragmentation, decoration, manufacture, and evidence of possible use) and ii) the spatial contexts in which they were recovered (e.g., floors and architectural fills of Huaca La Capilla-San José de Moro; feasting areas; and funerary contexts). Our interpretations will be framed within the theoretical approaches of the archaeology of the body and Andean ontologies, as well as interpretive frameworks derived from ethnographies on the use and meaning of miniatures. Based on the results obtained, it can be argued that Moche figurines participated in various ritual practices, among which the following stand out: i) the “representation” of specific individuals, ii) ritual fragmentation, and iii) the connection with huacas/deified ancestors.
This thesis examines an expression of the Moche material world that has been largely unexplored by archaeology: ceramic figurines. In archaeological literature, they are often considered artifacts closely linked to the domestic sphere, as well as to the feminine realm. However, this paradigm proves insufficient not only to explain the wide diversity of archaeological contexts in which these objects are found, but also to delve into the various ritual uses associated with their manipulation. A detailed contextual-spatial analysis of Moche figurines from San José de Moro, a ceremonial center and elite cemetery of the Middle (450-650 CE) and Late (650-850 CE) Moche periods in the Jequetepeque Valley, offers new insights into their nature, meaning, and ritual uses. This analysis considers two inseparable dimensions: i) the formal aspects of the objects (e.g., morphology, integrity/fragmentation, decoration, manufacture, and evidence of possible use) and ii) the spatial contexts in which they were recovered (e.g., floors and architectural fills of Huaca La Capilla-San José de Moro; feasting areas; and funerary contexts). Our interpretations will be framed within the theoretical approaches of the archaeology of the body and Andean ontologies, as well as interpretive frameworks derived from ethnographies on the use and meaning of miniatures. Based on the results obtained, it can be argued that Moche figurines participated in various ritual practices, among which the following stand out: i) the “representation” of specific individuals, ii) ritual fragmentation, and iii) the connection with huacas/deified ancestors.
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Figuras de cerámica--Análisis, Mochica, Cultura--Rituales, San José de Moro (Perú)--Restos arqueológicos
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