Apoyo a la autonomía, tipo de motivación y uso de estrategias de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios
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2016-03-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Tomando como base la Teoría de la Autodeterminación, la presente investigación buscó explorar las relaciones entre la percepción del apoyo a la autonomía que provee el profesor, los tipos de motivación del estudiante (autónoma y controlada) y el uso de estrategias de aprendizaje (repetición y pensamiento crítico). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 221 estudiantes de contabilidad de una universidad privada de Lima Metropolitana. Se encontró que la percepción positiva de los estudiantes del apoyo a la autonomía ofrecido por el docente se relaciona positivamente con una motivación autónoma por el curso (r = .28, p < .001). Además, la percepción positiva del apoyo a la autonomía correlaciona de manera positiva con el uso de ambas estrategias de aprendizaje, pero en mayor medida con el uso del pensamiento crítico (r = .29, p < .001) que con el uso de la repetición (r = .12, p < .05). Asimismo se encontró que la motivación autónoma por el curso correlaciona positivamente y en mayor medida con el uso del pensamiento crítico (r = .37, p < .001) que con el uso de la repetición (r = .28, p < .001) como estrategia de aprendizaje. Por el contrario la motivación controlada solo correlacionó significativamente con el uso de la repetición como estrategia de aprendizaje (r = .11, p < .05). Se discutirán estos resultados y sus implicancias.
Based on self-determination theory, the present study aimed to explore the interplay between students’ perception of their teacher’ autonomy support, student’s type of motivation (autonomous or controlled) and the use of learning strategies (rehearsal and critical thinking). The sample was composed by 221 accounting students from a private university of Lima. It was found that the students’ positive perception of teacher’s autonomy support related to autonomous motivation for the course (r = .28, p < .001). It was also found that students’ positive perception of teacher’s autonomy support positively related with the use of the two learning strategies evaluated, but in greater extent with the use of critical thinking (r = .29, p < .001) than with the use of rehearsal (r = .12, p < .05). Likewise, it was found that autonomous motivation for the course related positively and in greater extent with the use of critical thinking (r = .37, p < .001) than with the use of rehearsal (r = .28, p < .001) learning strategy. In contrary, controlled motivation for the course only related positive and significantly with the use of rehearsal (r = .11, p < .05). These results and their implications will be discussed.
Based on self-determination theory, the present study aimed to explore the interplay between students’ perception of their teacher’ autonomy support, student’s type of motivation (autonomous or controlled) and the use of learning strategies (rehearsal and critical thinking). The sample was composed by 221 accounting students from a private university of Lima. It was found that the students’ positive perception of teacher’s autonomy support related to autonomous motivation for the course (r = .28, p < .001). It was also found that students’ positive perception of teacher’s autonomy support positively related with the use of the two learning strategies evaluated, but in greater extent with the use of critical thinking (r = .29, p < .001) than with the use of rehearsal (r = .12, p < .05). Likewise, it was found that autonomous motivation for the course related positively and in greater extent with the use of critical thinking (r = .37, p < .001) than with the use of rehearsal (r = .28, p < .001) learning strategy. In contrary, controlled motivation for the course only related positive and significantly with the use of rehearsal (r = .11, p < .05). These results and their implications will be discussed.
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Autonomía (Psicología), Motivación (Educación), Aprendizaje (Educación).
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