Experiencias subjetivas sobre la violencia obstétrica en mujeres atendidas en centros de salud de Lima Metropolitana
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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El presente estudio tiene como objetivo explorar las experiencias subjetivas de violencia obstétrica desde la perspectiva de mujeres que recibieron atención en centros de salud de Lima Metropolitana. La metodología utilizada fue cualitativa, con un enfoque fenomenológico, y se realizaron entrevistas a 12 mujeres que habían dado a luz en los seis meses previos a la investigación. Los resultados revelaron que las interacciones con el personal médico estuvieron marcadas por relaciones jerárquicas y un trato deshumanizado. Asimismo, las prácticas médicas realizadas pudieron generar emociones negativas y posibles secuelas en el bienestar físico y psicológico de las mujeres. La violencia obstétrica se presentó en todos los niveles de atención, tanto en instituciones públicas como privadas, aunque se evidenciaron diferencias en la calidad de la atención, especialmente en aspectos como la cordialidad en el trato, la comunicación asertiva y el acompañamiento familiar. La mayoría de las participantes desconocían el concepto de "violencia obstétrica", y aquellas que estaban familiarizadas con el término lo asociaban principalmente con manifestaciones de violencia verbal, lo que sugiere una posible normalización de la problemática. Entre las estrategias de afrontamiento adoptadas se observaron actitudes de sumisión, así como la búsqueda de apoyo social por parte de otras gestantes presentes en los centros de salud.
The objective of this study is to explore the subjective experiences of obstetric violence from the perspective of women who received care in health centers in Lima Metropolitana. The methodology used was qualitative, with a phenomenological approach, and interviews were conducted with 12 women who had given birth in the six months prior to the investigation. The findings revealed that interactions with medical personnel were characterized by hierarchical relationships and dehumanizing treatment. Likewise, the medical practices performed could have generated negative emotions and possible repercussions on the physical and psychological well-being of the women. Obstetric violence was present at all levels of care, in both public and private institutions, although differences in the quality of care were evident, especially in aspects such as cordiality in treatment, assertive communication, and family support. The majority of participants were unfamiliar with the concept of "obstetric violence," and those who were familiar with the term primarily associated it with verbal violence, suggesting a possible normalization of the issue. Coping strategies included attitudes of submission, as well as seeking social support from other pregnant women present in the health centers.
The objective of this study is to explore the subjective experiences of obstetric violence from the perspective of women who received care in health centers in Lima Metropolitana. The methodology used was qualitative, with a phenomenological approach, and interviews were conducted with 12 women who had given birth in the six months prior to the investigation. The findings revealed that interactions with medical personnel were characterized by hierarchical relationships and dehumanizing treatment. Likewise, the medical practices performed could have generated negative emotions and possible repercussions on the physical and psychological well-being of the women. Obstetric violence was present at all levels of care, in both public and private institutions, although differences in the quality of care were evident, especially in aspects such as cordiality in treatment, assertive communication, and family support. The majority of participants were unfamiliar with the concept of "obstetric violence," and those who were familiar with the term primarily associated it with verbal violence, suggesting a possible normalization of the issue. Coping strategies included attitudes of submission, as well as seeking social support from other pregnant women present in the health centers.
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Violencia obstétrica--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Violencia contra la mujer--Perú--Lima Metropolitana, Centros médicos--Perú--Lima Metropolitana
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