Ruta de servicios de atención a partir de la percepción de madres gestantes y del primer año de vida: antes y durante la COVID-19, en un distrito de Lima
Date
2021-07-19
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Objetivo. Se busca identificar las percepciones acerca de las limitaciones y
fortalezas sobre la ruta de servicios de atención dirigidos a las gestantes en el último
trimestre y madres con hijos(as) hasta el primer año de vida, antes y durante la
COVID-19, en Carabayllo. Metodología. Se usó una metodología cualitativa, se
recopiló información a través de entrevistas a profundidad por llamada telefónica a
20 participantes: 4 gestantes en el último trimestre y 16 madres con hijos de 0 a 12
meses, quienes participaron por consentimiento informado. Se realizó un análisis
temático de tipo inductivo. Se dialogó sobre las experiencias de atención y se
reconstruyó, desde su percepción, la ruta de servicios de atención, en comparación
a una ruta establecida en el país. Resultados/conclusiones. Se visualiza que la
ruta experimentada por las participantes se concentra en el sector público de salud,
y aun así se presentan “fugas” o “atajos” cuando estos servicios no pueden cubrir
o asegurar la atención completa. Se visualiza que las madres perciben diversas
fortalezas y limitaciones de los servicios de atención de salud, valorando 4 aspectos
relevantes para la calidad de atención: i) Orientación e información; ii) Trato cálido;
iii) Organización de la atención y tiempos de atención; y iv) Servicios y
equipamientos. Si bien la ruta debería integrar otros servicios ofrecidos por diversas
instituciones, las madres señalan solo tener referencia de las oficinas de RENIEC
adheridas a los centros de salud de parto, por el valor que supone el DNI para el
acceso a los servicios de salud. Se encuentra que hay menos conocimiento de los
servicios de CUNA MÁS e instituciones escolarizadas y no escolarizadas; y se
observan pérdidas de atención acontecidos por la pandemia de la COVID-19.
Objective. This study aims to identify perceptions about the limitations and strengths of the route of delivery of care services for pregnant women during the last trimester and mothers with children up to their first year of life, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Carabayllo. Methodology. A qualitative methodology was used, information was collected through in-depth interviews by telephone call to 20 participants: 4 pregnant women in the last trimester and 16 mothers with children from 0 to 12 months, who participated by informed consent. An inductive thematic analysis was carried out. Participants discussed their experiences during care and reconstructed, from their perspective, the care delivery route during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to an established route in the country. Results / conclusions. It is seen that the route experienced by participants is concentrated in the public health sector. Even so, there are “leaks” or “shortcuts” when these services cannot cover or ensure complete and comprehensive care. It was found that mothers perceived various strengths and limitations regarding health care services, evaluating 4 relevant aspects for the quality of care: i) Orientation and information; ii) Warm treatment; iii) Organization of care and times of care; and iv) Services and equipment. Although the care delivery route should integrate other services offered by various institutions, the mothers indicated that they only have a reference from the RENIEC offices attached to the delivery health centers, due to the value of the DNI for accessing health services. It was found that there was less knowledge of CUNA MÁS services and educational and non-educational institutions; and service losses were observed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Objective. This study aims to identify perceptions about the limitations and strengths of the route of delivery of care services for pregnant women during the last trimester and mothers with children up to their first year of life, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Carabayllo. Methodology. A qualitative methodology was used, information was collected through in-depth interviews by telephone call to 20 participants: 4 pregnant women in the last trimester and 16 mothers with children from 0 to 12 months, who participated by informed consent. An inductive thematic analysis was carried out. Participants discussed their experiences during care and reconstructed, from their perspective, the care delivery route during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared to an established route in the country. Results / conclusions. It is seen that the route experienced by participants is concentrated in the public health sector. Even so, there are “leaks” or “shortcuts” when these services cannot cover or ensure complete and comprehensive care. It was found that mothers perceived various strengths and limitations regarding health care services, evaluating 4 relevant aspects for the quality of care: i) Orientation and information; ii) Warm treatment; iii) Organization of care and times of care; and iv) Services and equipment. Although the care delivery route should integrate other services offered by various institutions, the mothers indicated that they only have a reference from the RENIEC offices attached to the delivery health centers, due to the value of the DNI for accessing health services. It was found that there was less knowledge of CUNA MÁS services and educational and non-educational institutions; and service losses were observed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Keywords
COVID-19 (Enfermedad), Madres gestantes--Perú--Lima, Desarrollo infantil--Política gubernamental--Perú--Lima, Salud pública--Política gubernamental--Perú--Lima
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