Influencia de la declaratoria como patrimonio cultural de la Nación en el fortalecimiento de la identidad cultural de las y los artesanos buriladores de mates de Cochas Chico y Cochas Grande
Date
2023-05-10
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La presente investigación busca analizar, a través de un estudio de caso, la
relevancia del mecanismo de declaratoria de expresiones de patrimonio
inmaterial como Patrimonio Cultural de la Nación en el fortalecimiento de la
identidad cultural de colectivos de portadores. Este mecanismo es desarrollado
de forma permanente por el Ministerio de Cultura de Perú como parte de sus
funciones, sin embargo, no ha sido analizado desde la perspectiva de la
gerencia social, es decir desde el impacto que tiene en el refuerzo de los
derechos de las personas a quienes está dirigido.
La investigación se focaliza en la percepción de las y los artesanos de los
anexos de Cochas Chico y Cochas Grande en el departamento de Junín, cuyo
arte de burilar mates fuera declarado como Patrimonio Cultural de la Nación en
el año 2013, luego de un largo proceso de coordinación liderado por la Dirección
Desconcentrada de Cultura de Junín. Siendo esta actividad reconocida en el
Perú como una de las tradiciones artesanales de mayor importancia, esta
investigación no se centra sólo en los significados sociales sino también aborda
las dimensiones organizacional, gerencial y financiera, puesto que dichas
dimensiones se encuentran necesariamente asociadas a la cultural.
El análisis de las implicancias de este procedimiento se realiza sobre cuatro
aspectos fundamentales, la contribución en el reconocimiento de la importancia
del arte de burilar mates, el refuerzo de la articulación de las y los artesanos ya
sea a nivel intracomunal como con organizaciones fuera de la comunidad, el
fortalecimiento de las acciones de salvaguardia emprendidas para asegurar la
continuidad de esta expresión cultural y finalmente su influencia en la
dinamización de la economía de las y los artesanos buriladores.
El análisis conjunto de todos estos aspectos permitirá percibir la importancia de
la declaratoria, así como identificar cuáles son los aspectos más significativos de
este procedimiento que pueden ser replicadas, mejoradas y aprovechadas para
acciones futuras. De otro lado, identifica las características del proceso que son
necesarias de modificar para que respondan a las expectativas y necesidades
de los sujetos de derecho.
Producto de este análisis se plantea finalmente una serie de recomendaciones y
una propuesta de mejora que sirve de complemento a las acciones ya
realizadas, con el objetivo de sean tomadas en consideración tanto para la
salvaguardia del arte de burilar mates como para otras expresiones del
patrimonio cultural inmaterial.
This research seeks to analyze, through a case study, the relevance of the mechanism of declaration of expressions of intangible heritage as Cultural Heritage of the Nation in the strengthening of the cultural identity of groups of bearers. This mechanism is developed permanently by the Ministry of Culture of Peru as part of its functions, however it has not been analyzed from the perspective of social management, that is, from its impact the reinforcement of the rights of the people to whom it is addressed. The research focuses on the perception of the artisans of the annexes of Cochas Chico and Cochas Grande in the department of Junín whose art of burilar mates was declared as Cultural Heritage of the Nation in 2013, after a long coordination process led by the Decentralized Directorate of Culture of Junín. This activity being recognized in Peru as one of the most important craft traditions, this research not only focuses on social meanings but also addresses the organizational, managerial and financial dimension, since they are necessarily associated. The analysis of the implications of this procedure is carried out on four fundamental aspects: the contribution in the recognition of the importance of the art of burilar mates, the reinforcement of the articulation of the artisans either at the intracommunal level or with organizations outside the community, the strengthening of the safeguarding actions undertaken to ensure the continuity of this cultural expression and finally its influence on the dynamization of the economy of the artisans. The joint analysis of all these aspects will allow to perceive the importance of the declaration, as well as to identify which are the most significant aspects of this procedure that can be replicated, improved and used for future actions. On the other hand, it identifies the characteristics of the process that are necessary to modify so that they respond to the expectations and needs of the subjects of rights. As a result of this analysis, a series of recommendations and a proposal for improvement are finally proposed, which complement the actions already carried out, with the aim of being taken into consideration both for the safeguarding of the art of burilar mates and for other expressions of the intangible cultural heritage.
This research seeks to analyze, through a case study, the relevance of the mechanism of declaration of expressions of intangible heritage as Cultural Heritage of the Nation in the strengthening of the cultural identity of groups of bearers. This mechanism is developed permanently by the Ministry of Culture of Peru as part of its functions, however it has not been analyzed from the perspective of social management, that is, from its impact the reinforcement of the rights of the people to whom it is addressed. The research focuses on the perception of the artisans of the annexes of Cochas Chico and Cochas Grande in the department of Junín whose art of burilar mates was declared as Cultural Heritage of the Nation in 2013, after a long coordination process led by the Decentralized Directorate of Culture of Junín. This activity being recognized in Peru as one of the most important craft traditions, this research not only focuses on social meanings but also addresses the organizational, managerial and financial dimension, since they are necessarily associated. The analysis of the implications of this procedure is carried out on four fundamental aspects: the contribution in the recognition of the importance of the art of burilar mates, the reinforcement of the articulation of the artisans either at the intracommunal level or with organizations outside the community, the strengthening of the safeguarding actions undertaken to ensure the continuity of this cultural expression and finally its influence on the dynamization of the economy of the artisans. The joint analysis of all these aspects will allow to perceive the importance of the declaration, as well as to identify which are the most significant aspects of this procedure that can be replicated, improved and used for future actions. On the other hand, it identifies the characteristics of the process that are necessary to modify so that they respond to the expectations and needs of the subjects of rights. As a result of this analysis, a series of recommendations and a proposal for improvement are finally proposed, which complement the actions already carried out, with the aim of being taken into consideration both for the safeguarding of the art of burilar mates and for other expressions of the intangible cultural heritage.
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Patrimonio cultural--Administración--Perú--Junín, Patrimonio cultural--Política gubernamental--Perú--Junín, Patrimonio cultural--Protección--Perú--Junín, Mates burilados--Perú--Junín
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