Planeamiento estratégico de la industria de combustibles líquidos en el Perú
Date
2019-08-05
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En la última década, el sector energía peruano ha registrado un importante
crecimiento debido al incremento de la demanda interna ligado al desarrollo económico de
productos y servicios de calidad a precios que reflejaron las condiciones óptimas de un
mercado competitivo en las actividades petroleras. En el mismo período, el consumo final
nacional de estos recursos energéticos se incrementó en 100% para los Combustibles
Líquidos y el gas natural agregado; mientras que en 92% para la electricidad; lo que significa
el mayor crecimiento de la actividad económica y de la demanda de energía de las últimas
décadas, todo ello debido a la creciente inversión privada en infraestructura, así como la
inversión social desarrollada por el Estado.
En el caso de los Combustibles Líquidos, la inestabilidad de los mercados ha sido
atenuada por un fondo de equilibrio, y al mismo tiempo se han seguido las tendencias de
calidad con mejoras en las especificaciones con el fin de mitigar el efecto adverso en el
medioambiente al incorporar biocombustibles. El retraso en la implementación de
inversiones en refinación ha acentuado la dependencia de la importación del diésel. Los
esfuerzos deberán encaminarse en los siguientes periodos a otros objetivos: reducir la
importación de crudo y diésel; asimismo su demanda por sustitución para acercar el patrón de
oferta energética nacional al de la demanda.
En este contexto, este documento presenta el modelo estratégico de la Industria de
Combustibles Líquidos con una Visión a 2025, de ser autosostenibles en la producción de
Combustibles Líquidos, disminuyendo las importaciones en 80%, satisfaciendo la demanda
nacional de manera confiable y eficiente, y cumpliendo las normas y estándares
internacionales, para los usuarios industriales y domésticos. Esto se logrará con la
implementación de una adecuada inversión que garantice la producción y el adecuado
abastecimiento, usando tecnología eficiente, y con innovación tecnológica que permita el
desarrollo de productos sin la presencia de azufre. La metodología de este trabajo se basa en el Planeamiento Estratégico del Dr.
Fernando D’Alessio, que utiliza un Modelo Secuencial del Proceso Estratégico que consta de
tres fases: (a) planeamiento, (b) implementación, y (c) control.
A 2025, esta industria estará más integrada y será más eficiente, tendrá mayor
participación en el mercado de Combustibles Líquidos de Latinoamérica, aumentarán los
índices de participación de Combustibles Líquidos en el transporte, minería, industria,
consumo doméstico; y aumentará la producción y calidad de los mismos.
In the last decade, the Peruvian Energy Sector registered a significant growth due to increased domestic demand linked to the economic development of quality products and services at prices that reflect the optimal conditions of a competitive market in oil activities. In the same period, the national final consumption of fuel oils and natural gas increased 100% while 92% for electricity. These turned into further economic growth and increase of energy demand in the last decades, based on the increase in private investment in infrastructure and social matters. For Liquid Fuels, the instability of the markets has been tempered by a fund balance, and at the same time has followed the trends of improved quality specifications in order to mitigate the adverse effect on the environment incorporating biofuels. In this period, the delay in the implementation of investments in refining has become more dependent on imports of diesel. Efforts should aim at the following times to other objectives: to reduce imports of crude oil and diesel, also demand substitution pattern to bring the national supply to demand. In this context, paper presents the Strategic Model of The Fuel Oil Industry with a Vision for the year 2025, of being self-sustaining reducing the importing of fuel oils in 80%, satisfying the local demand of the country in a safe and efficient way, accomplishing all the international standards for this industry. This Vision will be accomplished if the necessary investment is made not only in terms or production, but also in terms of distribution, using efficient technology and technological innovation that will allow the development of sulfur free products, reducing the pollution. The methodology of this work is based on the Strategic Plan of Dr. Fernando D'Alessio, which is based on the Sequential Model of the Strategic Process consisting of three phases: (a) planning, (b) implementation, and (c) control. By 2025, this industry will be more integrated and more efficient, have greater market share in Latin America Liquid Fuels, increase participation rates in Liquid Fuels in transportation, mining, industry, domestic consumption and increase production and quality of these.
In the last decade, the Peruvian Energy Sector registered a significant growth due to increased domestic demand linked to the economic development of quality products and services at prices that reflect the optimal conditions of a competitive market in oil activities. In the same period, the national final consumption of fuel oils and natural gas increased 100% while 92% for electricity. These turned into further economic growth and increase of energy demand in the last decades, based on the increase in private investment in infrastructure and social matters. For Liquid Fuels, the instability of the markets has been tempered by a fund balance, and at the same time has followed the trends of improved quality specifications in order to mitigate the adverse effect on the environment incorporating biofuels. In this period, the delay in the implementation of investments in refining has become more dependent on imports of diesel. Efforts should aim at the following times to other objectives: to reduce imports of crude oil and diesel, also demand substitution pattern to bring the national supply to demand. In this context, paper presents the Strategic Model of The Fuel Oil Industry with a Vision for the year 2025, of being self-sustaining reducing the importing of fuel oils in 80%, satisfying the local demand of the country in a safe and efficient way, accomplishing all the international standards for this industry. This Vision will be accomplished if the necessary investment is made not only in terms or production, but also in terms of distribution, using efficient technology and technological innovation that will allow the development of sulfur free products, reducing the pollution. The methodology of this work is based on the Strategic Plan of Dr. Fernando D'Alessio, which is based on the Sequential Model of the Strategic Process consisting of three phases: (a) planning, (b) implementation, and (c) control. By 2025, this industry will be more integrated and more efficient, have greater market share in Latin America Liquid Fuels, increase participation rates in Liquid Fuels in transportation, mining, industry, domestic consumption and increase production and quality of these.
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Keywords
Combustibles--Perú, Planificación estratégica
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