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La tutela del consumidor financiero y su derecho al pago anticipado: Informe Jurídico respecto de la Resolución 0094-2019/SPC-INDECOPI
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2023-08-01)
Artículo 86° de la Ley N° 29571 – Código de Protección y
Defensa del Consumidor, que reconoce el derecho a realizar pagos anticipados.
En este procedimiento administrativo sancionador iniciado de oficio por la
autoridad se identifica un conflicto...
In this legal report the author proposes to analyze Resolution N° 0094-2019/SPCINDECOPI, which, in turn, resolves an administrative dispute between Indecopi and Banco de Crédito del Perú S.A. for an alleged violation of Article 86° of Law N° 29571 – Code of Consumer Protection and Defense, which recognized the right to make prepayments. In this administrative sanctioning procedure initiated ex officio by the authority, a competence dispute is identified between the aforementioned entity and the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and Private Pension Funds – SBS; likewise, the statute of limitations of the alleged infringement is questioned; and, finally, it is questioned whether there was an infringement to the Consumer Code. In this sense, based on the main consumer protection norms and the regulation of the financial system, each of these points is elucidated. Thus, the author defends that Indecopi is the competent entity to resolve in cases of financial consumer protection matters; that the statute of limitations of the imputed infringements did not materialize; and, finally, she demonstrates the commission of an infringement against the right to make prepayments. Likewise, a criticism of the failure of Indecopi failure to establish a more concrete position on its competence to resolve cases of financial consumer protection is also discussed in depth....
In this legal report the author proposes to analyze Resolution N° 0094-2019/SPCINDECOPI, which, in turn, resolves an administrative dispute between Indecopi and Banco de Crédito del Perú S.A. for an alleged violation of Article 86° of Law N° 29571 – Code of Consumer Protection and Defense, which recognized the right to make prepayments. In this administrative sanctioning procedure initiated ex officio by the authority, a competence dispute is identified between the aforementioned entity and the Superintendence of Banking, Insurance and Private Pension Funds – SBS; likewise, the statute of limitations of the alleged infringement is questioned; and, finally, it is questioned whether there was an infringement to the Consumer Code. In this sense, based on the main consumer protection norms and the regulation of the financial system, each of these points is elucidated. Thus, the author defends that Indecopi is the competent entity to resolve in cases of financial consumer protection matters; that the statute of limitations of the imputed infringements did not materialize; and, finally, she demonstrates the commission of an infringement against the right to make prepayments. Likewise, a criticism of the failure of Indecopi failure to establish a more concrete position on its competence to resolve cases of financial consumer protection is also discussed in depth....
La fiscalización administrativa del transporte acuático en el Perú
(2023-11-07)
las posibles causas de
esta falencia y omisión administrativa. Finalmente, tenemos a bien proponer
opciones de mejora legislativa, a fin de dinamizar el transporte acuático peruano,
desde el derecho administrativo....
The main objective of this investigation is to provide a detailed approach to the regulation of aquatic transport in Perú, attending to the different modalities and areas in which it is developed, such as maritime, riverine and lacustrine transport. Based on this, having verified the public task of a correct delimitation on the general and particular permitted risk in aquatic transport activities, mainly through laws and regulations that establish the need for operators to have enabling titles to execute their activities, we seek to determine if this type of transport is duly supervised by the cognizant entities in this matter, which vary depending on the territorial areas in which the referred activity takes place, as well as on the legal assets that are sought to be protected. For this reason, we seek to establish whether in this mode of transport there is a correct management of the allowed risk through the administrative inspection activity, which is mainly in charge of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Peru, an entity that, according to its own regulation and organization, is entrusted with the task of complying and enforce the regulatory framework related to its competence. In view of this, we consider necessary to carry out an analysis of the comparative experience at the South American level in terms of aquatic transport, in order to establish which is treatment that the public authorities give to this administrative power, in order to contrast it with our national experience, on which, from no own we can affirm that there is currently no adequate management of the permitted risk. As a result, we seek to establish the possible causes of this administrative failure. Finally, we are pleased to propose options for legislative improvement, in order to boost aquatic transport in Peru....
The main objective of this investigation is to provide a detailed approach to the regulation of aquatic transport in Perú, attending to the different modalities and areas in which it is developed, such as maritime, riverine and lacustrine transport. Based on this, having verified the public task of a correct delimitation on the general and particular permitted risk in aquatic transport activities, mainly through laws and regulations that establish the need for operators to have enabling titles to execute their activities, we seek to determine if this type of transport is duly supervised by the cognizant entities in this matter, which vary depending on the territorial areas in which the referred activity takes place, as well as on the legal assets that are sought to be protected. For this reason, we seek to establish whether in this mode of transport there is a correct management of the allowed risk through the administrative inspection activity, which is mainly in charge of the Ministry of Transport and Communications of Peru, an entity that, according to its own regulation and organization, is entrusted with the task of complying and enforce the regulatory framework related to its competence. In view of this, we consider necessary to carry out an analysis of the comparative experience at the South American level in terms of aquatic transport, in order to establish which is treatment that the public authorities give to this administrative power, in order to contrast it with our national experience, on which, from no own we can affirm that there is currently no adequate management of the permitted risk. As a result, we seek to establish the possible causes of this administrative failure. Finally, we are pleased to propose options for legislative improvement, in order to boost aquatic transport in Peru....
El acto jurídico de mandato sin representación y la vigencia de su uso en sede notarial, así como su acceso al Registro Público
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2022-03-26)
nombre propio adquiere los derechos y asume las
obligaciones derivados de los actos que celebra en interés y por cuenta del
mandante, aun cuando los terceros hayan tenido conocimiento del mandato.¨
Esta figura jurídica presenta distintas aristas, que van...
This Academic Research Plan refers to the legal act called by the Peruvian Civil Code of 1984 as "Mandate without Representation", regulated in article 1809 of the aforementioned legal norm as follows: ¨The agent who acts in his own name acquires the rights and assumes the obligations derived from the acts that he celebrates in the interest and on behalf of the principal, even when third parties have had knowledge of the mandate.¨ This legal figure presents different aspects, ranging from its original configuration to those related to the registry, such as its registration in the registry of mandates and powers of the Public Registries, as well as its eventual scenarios of noncompliance and satisfactory execution of the mandate. This document will seek to assess whether the aforementioned legal figure is currently in active use in Perú, through consultations with the main Notaries of Lima and some of the regions in the interior of the country. Likewise, the respective search will be carried out in order to determine how many acts of Mandate without Representation have been registered during the years 2020 to 2021 and if said number is representative for the Peruvian legal scenario. Once this data has been obtained, it will be pertinent to analyze whether there is a normative technical reason or defect in the consequences of the act that causes the legal figure subject to comment to be underused. The possible reasons for this may range from the ignorance of the legal community (lawyers and notaries) regarding its characteristics or that the Mandate without representation, to date, does not constitute a practical act that could lead the parties to the achievement of their interests in the market....
This Academic Research Plan refers to the legal act called by the Peruvian Civil Code of 1984 as "Mandate without Representation", regulated in article 1809 of the aforementioned legal norm as follows: ¨The agent who acts in his own name acquires the rights and assumes the obligations derived from the acts that he celebrates in the interest and on behalf of the principal, even when third parties have had knowledge of the mandate.¨ This legal figure presents different aspects, ranging from its original configuration to those related to the registry, such as its registration in the registry of mandates and powers of the Public Registries, as well as its eventual scenarios of noncompliance and satisfactory execution of the mandate. This document will seek to assess whether the aforementioned legal figure is currently in active use in Perú, through consultations with the main Notaries of Lima and some of the regions in the interior of the country. Likewise, the respective search will be carried out in order to determine how many acts of Mandate without Representation have been registered during the years 2020 to 2021 and if said number is representative for the Peruvian legal scenario. Once this data has been obtained, it will be pertinent to analyze whether there is a normative technical reason or defect in the consequences of the act that causes the legal figure subject to comment to be underused. The possible reasons for this may range from the ignorance of the legal community (lawyers and notaries) regarding its characteristics or that the Mandate without representation, to date, does not constitute a practical act that could lead the parties to the achievement of their interests in the market....
Las Organizaciones de Usuarios de Agua y el Estado como garante de la prestación privada de suministro de agua
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-03-27)
prestación de servicio de abastecimiento del recurso hídrico
a los usuarios de agua.
Por otra parte, se desarrolla el impacto generado a las OUA, por la declaratoria
del estado de emergencia sanitaria y la restricción de derechos constitucionales
que...
This paper presents the special legal framework that regulates the Water Users' Organizations (WUO). It identifies their legal nature, the bodies that comprise them and their function related to the provision of water supply services to water users. On the other hand, it develops the impact generated to the WUOs, by the declaration of the state of sanitary emergency and the restriction of constitutional rights that did not allow the associations to renew the board of directors, running the risk of an acephaly, thus affecting the continuity of the water supply service, whose activity is of general interest. Another problem that arose during the process for the election of the members of the WUO's steering committee is also developed, focusing especially on the Water Users' Board, which is in charge of managing the water resource and operating the hydraulic infrastructure, whose ownership is held by the State, but which relies on the private sector to supply the population, especially in rural areas, where the public sector cannot have access to it. The objective of this activity is to make known the role played by the WUO. The relationship that such organizations maintain with the State. The problems that exist in the internal sphere and the absence of a special regulation that establishes solutions in order to avoid the lack of representativeness....
This paper presents the special legal framework that regulates the Water Users' Organizations (WUO). It identifies their legal nature, the bodies that comprise them and their function related to the provision of water supply services to water users. On the other hand, it develops the impact generated to the WUOs, by the declaration of the state of sanitary emergency and the restriction of constitutional rights that did not allow the associations to renew the board of directors, running the risk of an acephaly, thus affecting the continuity of the water supply service, whose activity is of general interest. Another problem that arose during the process for the election of the members of the WUO's steering committee is also developed, focusing especially on the Water Users' Board, which is in charge of managing the water resource and operating the hydraulic infrastructure, whose ownership is held by the State, but which relies on the private sector to supply the population, especially in rural areas, where the public sector cannot have access to it. The objective of this activity is to make known the role played by the WUO. The relationship that such organizations maintain with the State. The problems that exist in the internal sphere and the absence of a special regulation that establishes solutions in order to avoid the lack of representativeness....
La prueba de oficio en el proceso penal peruano y su relación con el principio de imparcialidad judicial y el debido proceso
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-04-01)
constitucional no lo encontramos establecido
en la Constitución Política, lo encontramos incorporado en el derecho al debido
proceso y la tutela judicial efectiva, inciso 3 del artículo 139 de la Constitución,
así como también en los tratados internacionales de...
The Criminal Procedure Code of 2004, hereinafter referred to as the CPP, is inspired by the accusatorial criminal procedural system, wherein the constitutional principle of "judicial impartiality" prevails. Its fundamental characteristic lies in the non-contamination of the judge with the presentation of evidence, which falls exclusively upon the procedural parties. Through this principle, the powers of the judge regarding the presentation of evidence in the criminal process are restricted. Although this constitutionally relevant principle is not explicitly established in the Political Constitution of Peru, it is incorporated into the right to due process and effective judicial protection, as stipulated in paragraph 3 of Article 139 of the Constitution. Additionally, it is regulated in international treaties to which Peru is a party. However, despite the characteristics of the established system, this code also provides for "ex officio evidence," regulated as an exceptional procedure in Article 385 of the Criminal Procedure Code. This raises an academic concern: Does the use of such ex officio evidence break the constitutional principle of judicial impartiality enshrined in the Criminal Procedure Code, and consequently, due process? In this context, the objective of this research is to attempt to answer the posed question, to determine whether the probative action taken by the judge within the reformed criminal process in any way violates the constitutional principle of "judicial impartiality" regulated in the current CPP and consequently due process. Furthermore, it aims to explain whether it is necessary to establish a reasonable identification criterion to pinpoint exceptional cases where its application is indispensable....
The Criminal Procedure Code of 2004, hereinafter referred to as the CPP, is inspired by the accusatorial criminal procedural system, wherein the constitutional principle of "judicial impartiality" prevails. Its fundamental characteristic lies in the non-contamination of the judge with the presentation of evidence, which falls exclusively upon the procedural parties. Through this principle, the powers of the judge regarding the presentation of evidence in the criminal process are restricted. Although this constitutionally relevant principle is not explicitly established in the Political Constitution of Peru, it is incorporated into the right to due process and effective judicial protection, as stipulated in paragraph 3 of Article 139 of the Constitution. Additionally, it is regulated in international treaties to which Peru is a party. However, despite the characteristics of the established system, this code also provides for "ex officio evidence," regulated as an exceptional procedure in Article 385 of the Criminal Procedure Code. This raises an academic concern: Does the use of such ex officio evidence break the constitutional principle of judicial impartiality enshrined in the Criminal Procedure Code, and consequently, due process? In this context, the objective of this research is to attempt to answer the posed question, to determine whether the probative action taken by the judge within the reformed criminal process in any way violates the constitutional principle of "judicial impartiality" regulated in the current CPP and consequently due process. Furthermore, it aims to explain whether it is necessary to establish a reasonable identification criterion to pinpoint exceptional cases where its application is indispensable....
Invisibilización de la hipersexualización de las mujeres de la selva peruana: una mirada crítica a la política nacional frente a la trata de personas y sus formas de explotación al 2030
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-03-27)
personas desde una perspectiva de género, interseccionalidad,
interculturalidad y derechos humanos principalmente....
This article analyzes how the hypersexualization of women in the Peruvian jungle is overlooked in the National Policy Against Trafficking in Persons and its Forms of Exploitation by 2030, which insufficiently addresses the sexual commodification of women in this region, despite statistics showing that women are the main victims of trafficking. The analysis begins by describing the historical process of female subordination. Then, we review collective imaginaries that have created an exoticized idea about women from the Peruvian jungle, based on highly sexualized stereotypes, which allows us to determine relevant aspects related to their victimization. After that review, we examine the legal framework regulating trafficking in persons, with particular emphasis on sexual exploitation, to evaluate the government's response to that crime. Subsequently, we analyze and comment on the public policies implemented against trafficking in persons, until arriving at the national policy currently in force. This article emphasizes the need to strengthen the government's intervention to prevent the victimization of trafficked women from the Peruvian jungle. Finally, we provide some recommendations to improve the National Policy in force to combat trafficking in persons, from a gender, intersectionality, interculturality, and human rights perspective....
This article analyzes how the hypersexualization of women in the Peruvian jungle is overlooked in the National Policy Against Trafficking in Persons and its Forms of Exploitation by 2030, which insufficiently addresses the sexual commodification of women in this region, despite statistics showing that women are the main victims of trafficking. The analysis begins by describing the historical process of female subordination. Then, we review collective imaginaries that have created an exoticized idea about women from the Peruvian jungle, based on highly sexualized stereotypes, which allows us to determine relevant aspects related to their victimization. After that review, we examine the legal framework regulating trafficking in persons, with particular emphasis on sexual exploitation, to evaluate the government's response to that crime. Subsequently, we analyze and comment on the public policies implemented against trafficking in persons, until arriving at the national policy currently in force. This article emphasizes the need to strengthen the government's intervention to prevent the victimization of trafficked women from the Peruvian jungle. Finally, we provide some recommendations to improve the National Policy in force to combat trafficking in persons, from a gender, intersectionality, interculturality, and human rights perspective....
La prescripción y la subsanación voluntaria como eximente de responsabilidad: contradicciones entre los procedimientos especiales y la norma común regulada en la Ley del Procedimiento Administrativo General
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2024-03-27)
El presente artículo tiene por objetivo evaluar dos instituciones concretas del derecho administrativo que tienen como principal finalidad evitar que la entidad administrativa impute responsabilidad y sancione al administrado por la comisión de una...
The purpose of this article is to analyze two specific institutions of administrative law whose main purpose is to prevent the administration from imposing a sanction on the administered for the commission of an infringing conduct: the statute of limitations and voluntary correction, thus analyzing their regulation both in the general regulations and in the special regulations depending on the corresponding sector. This analysis will make it possible to demonstrate that there are indeed certain administrative sanctioning procedures corresponding to special sectors such as, for example, INDECOPI's regulations - in relation to the statute of limitations - and OSINERGMIN's regulations - in relation to the voluntary correction as an assumption that allows the party administered to exonerate itself from liability - that do not comply with the provisions of the common regulations, that is, the General Administrative Procedure Law, thus failing to respect and adapt to the minimum guarantees that this common regulation recognizes and that must be complied with - necessarily - by the special regulations. In this sense, any special regulation issued in the different special sectors must be issued in accordance with the minimum guarantees recognized in the General Administrative Procedure Law, without establishing less favorable conditions to the detriment of the administered party; otherwise, it would mean a contravention, mainly, of the principle of legality. That is why, in these cases, it is necessary for the special regulations to be interpreted in accordance with the common regulations....
The purpose of this article is to analyze two specific institutions of administrative law whose main purpose is to prevent the administration from imposing a sanction on the administered for the commission of an infringing conduct: the statute of limitations and voluntary correction, thus analyzing their regulation both in the general regulations and in the special regulations depending on the corresponding sector. This analysis will make it possible to demonstrate that there are indeed certain administrative sanctioning procedures corresponding to special sectors such as, for example, INDECOPI's regulations - in relation to the statute of limitations - and OSINERGMIN's regulations - in relation to the voluntary correction as an assumption that allows the party administered to exonerate itself from liability - that do not comply with the provisions of the common regulations, that is, the General Administrative Procedure Law, thus failing to respect and adapt to the minimum guarantees that this common regulation recognizes and that must be complied with - necessarily - by the special regulations. In this sense, any special regulation issued in the different special sectors must be issued in accordance with the minimum guarantees recognized in the General Administrative Procedure Law, without establishing less favorable conditions to the detriment of the administered party; otherwise, it would mean a contravention, mainly, of the principle of legality. That is why, in these cases, it is necessary for the special regulations to be interpreted in accordance with the common regulations....
La vulneración del derecho de igualdad en el pago de remuneraciones entre Magistrados Titulares y Supernumerarios del Poder Judicial y del Ministerio Publico
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018-02-15)
El presente trabajo de Investigación busca analizar la vulneración del derecho a la igualdad de remuneraciones entre Magistrados Titulares y No titulares del Poder Judicial y del Ministerio Publico, partiendo de la Hipótesis de que la expedición del...
La responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas por delitos ambientales y la gobernanza ambiental en el Perú
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2021-03-31)
Frente al complejo escenario de acceso a la justicia ambiental en el Perú, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo principal analizar la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas por delitos ambientales, como un ...
Evolución de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo en las relaciones de subcontratación en el sector minero
(Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020-03-03)
La actividad minera es uno de los sectores en los que existen mayores relaciones de
subcontratación, además de ser una actividad que representa ingresos importantes para
el país. Asimismo, es una actividad considerada ...