El protocolo familiar como instrumento de autorregulación en el Derecho Societario: naturaleza jurídica, eficacia normativa y aplicación en el contexto peruano
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
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Resumen
El presente trabajo analiza el protocolo familiar como una manifestación concreta
de la autonomía privada en el ámbito del Derecho Societario. Este instrumento,
aunque no regulado expresamente en la legislación peruana, ha adquirido
relevancia práctica en las empresas familiares como mecanismo de
autorregulación que permite alinear intereses familiares con los fines
empresariales. Se examina su naturaleza jurídica, explorando si se trata de un
contrato atípico, un acuerdo de voluntades de carácter ético o un documento con
fuerza normativa vinculante. Asimismo, se discute su eficacia normativa,
considerando la posibilidad de incorporar sus disposiciones a los estatutos
sociales o de celebrarlo como un acuerdo parasocial, lo cual puede otorgarle
efectos jurídicos más sólidos. También se estudian los mecanismos de
resolución de controversias que suelen contemplarse en estos protocolos, como
la mediación, el arbitraje o los comités familiares, evaluando su utilidad para
prevenir y gestionar conflictos dentro del entorno familiar-empresarial. A través
de un análisis doctrinario y comparado, se propone una sistematización
conceptual del protocolo familiar, destacando su potencial como herramienta de
gobernanza en el contexto societario. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre la
necesidad de otorgarle un reconocimiento normativo más claro, que fortalezca
su aplicabilidad y seguridad jurídica en el ordenamiento peruano.
This paper analyzes the family protocol as a concrete manifestation of private autonomy in the field of Corporate Law. This instrument, although not expressly regulated in Peruvian legislation, has acquired practical relevance in family businesses as a self-regulation mechanism that allows family interests to be aligned with business purposes. Its legal nature is examined, exploring whether it is an atypical contract, an agreement of will of an ethical nature or a document with binding normative force. Likewise, its regulatory effectiveness is discussed, considering the possibility of incorporating its provisions into the bylaws or of entering it into as a shareholder agreement, which may give it more solid legal effects. The dispute resolution mechanisms that are usually contemplated in these protocols, such as mediation, arbitration or family committees, are also studied, evaluating their usefulness to prevent and manage conflicts within the family-business environment. Through a doctrinal and comparative analysis, a conceptual systematization of the family protocol is proposed, highlighting its potential as a governance tool in the corporate context. Finally, it reflects on the need to grant it clearer normative recognition, which strengthens its applicability and legal certainty in the Peruvian legal system.
This paper analyzes the family protocol as a concrete manifestation of private autonomy in the field of Corporate Law. This instrument, although not expressly regulated in Peruvian legislation, has acquired practical relevance in family businesses as a self-regulation mechanism that allows family interests to be aligned with business purposes. Its legal nature is examined, exploring whether it is an atypical contract, an agreement of will of an ethical nature or a document with binding normative force. Likewise, its regulatory effectiveness is discussed, considering the possibility of incorporating its provisions into the bylaws or of entering it into as a shareholder agreement, which may give it more solid legal effects. The dispute resolution mechanisms that are usually contemplated in these protocols, such as mediation, arbitration or family committees, are also studied, evaluating their usefulness to prevent and manage conflicts within the family-business environment. Through a doctrinal and comparative analysis, a conceptual systematization of the family protocol is proposed, highlighting its potential as a governance tool in the corporate context. Finally, it reflects on the need to grant it clearer normative recognition, which strengthens its applicability and legal certainty in the Peruvian legal system.
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Sociedades comerciales--Perú, Derecho comercial--Legislación--Perú, Arbitraje comercial--Legislación--Perú
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item.page.endorsement
item.page.review
item.page.supplemented
item.page.referenced
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