La estimación del impacto económico del cambio climático en la salud de recién nacidos en el Perú
Date
2023-10-02
Authors
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
Después de la revolución industrial, la humanidad ha sido responsable de la emisión
de grandes cantidades de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) en el planeta. Estas
emisiones han ido afectando la temperatura global, provocando cambios en las
variables climáticas de forma exponencial en el tiempo, lo que actualmente se conoce
como Cambio Climático. De esta manera, los seres humanos, como una especie
dependiente de su entorno físico y social, se encuentran afectados en distintas formas
por esta problemática de nivel internacional. Una de estas es el aumento de problemas
de salud, particularmente, en el grupo de bebes recién nacidos. De esta manera, en
la revisión de literatura, se encontró que diferentes estudios empíricos recientes en el
campo de la economía hallaron una relación causal entre las variables climatológicas
y la salud de los recién nacidos. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de estos estudios se
realizaron para los casos de países desarrollados, casos diferentes al contexto
latinoamericano, en especial al Perú. Por lo tanto, el objetivo principal del trabajo de
investigación es estimar el impacto de diversos factores climatológicos sobre el estado
de salud natal en recién nacidos en el Perú, durante el periodo 2010 – 2020. En ese
sentido, se plantea la hipótesis que ante la presencia de cambios en las
precipitaciones y en las temperaturas durante la etapa prenatal afectan negativamente
la salud del neonato. Por consiguiente, en base al trabajo econométrico propuesto por
Andalón et al. (2016), se espera encontrar que existe una relación causal negativa
entre dichas variables.
After the industrial revolution, mankind has been responsible for the emission of large quantities of greenhouse gases (GHG) on the planet. These emissions have been affecting the global temperature, causing changes in climatic variables exponentially over time, which is currently known as Climate Change. In this way, human beings, as a species dependent on their physical and social environment, are affected in different ways by this international problem. One of these is the increase in health problems, particularly in the group of newborn babies. Thus, in the literature review, it was found that different recent empirical studies in the field of economics found a causal relationship between climate variables and the health of newborns. However, most of these studies were conducted for the cases of developed countries, cases different from the Latin American context, especially Peru. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to estimate the impact of various climatological factors on the health status of newborns in Peru during the period 2010 - 2020. In this sense, it is hypothesised that changes in precipitation and temperature during the prenatal stage negatively affect the health of the newborn. Therefore, based on the econometric work proposed by Andalón et al. (2016), it is expected to find that there is a negative causal relationship between these variables.
After the industrial revolution, mankind has been responsible for the emission of large quantities of greenhouse gases (GHG) on the planet. These emissions have been affecting the global temperature, causing changes in climatic variables exponentially over time, which is currently known as Climate Change. In this way, human beings, as a species dependent on their physical and social environment, are affected in different ways by this international problem. One of these is the increase in health problems, particularly in the group of newborn babies. Thus, in the literature review, it was found that different recent empirical studies in the field of economics found a causal relationship between climate variables and the health of newborns. However, most of these studies were conducted for the cases of developed countries, cases different from the Latin American context, especially Peru. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to estimate the impact of various climatological factors on the health status of newborns in Peru during the period 2010 - 2020. In this sense, it is hypothesised that changes in precipitation and temperature during the prenatal stage negatively affect the health of the newborn. Therefore, based on the econometric work proposed by Andalón et al. (2016), it is expected to find that there is a negative causal relationship between these variables.
Description
Keywords
Cambios climáticos--Perú, Niños recién nacidos-- Salud e higiene--Perú, Gases de efecto invernadero--Perú