Nos van a sacar matando: desafiliación y resistencia de los adultos mayores en el contexto de la explotación minera (Espinar, Cusco)
Date
2020-09-23
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El ingreso de la minería moderna en zonas rurales, habitadas tradicionalmente
por comunidades campesinas, ha significado una transformación de las
dinámicas sociales, económicas, y culturales que en estas comunidades
prevalecían. Estos cambios, además, han afectado de manera diferenciada a los
modos de vida de los distintos grupos etarios. Pese a esto, la literatura acerca
de los impactos de la minería sobre las comunidades campesinas ha tendido a
ignorar un enfoque interseccional de grupos de edad como un componente
también importante para entender la experiencia y las consecuencias de dichos
cambios. Por ello, en este trabajo de investigación, se plantea la importancia y
la necesidad que existe de comprender los efectos que la minería, el
desplazamiento poblacional, y los cambios en la agricultura tradicional que
genera, causan sobre los distintos modos de vida de los campesinos de una
comunidad, haciendo especial énfasis sobre los adultos mayores campesinos, y
su respuesta frente a dichos cambios. La literatura se ha centrado,
fundalmentalmente, en los efectos comunitarios que la minería ha tenido sobre
las actividades agropecuarias, la salud, y el tejido cultural de las mismas, sin
embargo, están pendiente mayores trabajos especializados en las diferentes
experiencias de dichos efectos, según grupos de edad, ya que la experiencia de
los impactos que la minería produce puede tener resultados distintos en los
modos de vida los campesinos y campesinas afectados.
The entry of modern mining into rural areas, traditionally inhabited by peasant communities, has meant a transformation of the social, economic, and cultural dynamics that prevailed in these communities. These changes have also affected differently the lifestyles of the different age groups. Despite this, the literature on the impacts of mining on peasant communities has tended to ignore an intersectional approach of age groups as an important component for understanding the experience and consequences of such changes. Therefore, in the present research, an analysis is carried out on the effects that mining, population displacement, and the changes in traditional agriculture that it generates, cause on the ways of life of the elderly peasant adults, and how they respond to such changes. The literature has focused, fundamentally, on the community effects that mining has had on agricultural activities, health, and the cultural ties, however, a centralized work on the different age groups within it has been pending, since the experience of these changes can have different impacts and results over the life of the affected farmers.
The entry of modern mining into rural areas, traditionally inhabited by peasant communities, has meant a transformation of the social, economic, and cultural dynamics that prevailed in these communities. These changes have also affected differently the lifestyles of the different age groups. Despite this, the literature on the impacts of mining on peasant communities has tended to ignore an intersectional approach of age groups as an important component for understanding the experience and consequences of such changes. Therefore, in the present research, an analysis is carried out on the effects that mining, population displacement, and the changes in traditional agriculture that it generates, cause on the ways of life of the elderly peasant adults, and how they respond to such changes. The literature has focused, fundamentally, on the community effects that mining has had on agricultural activities, health, and the cultural ties, however, a centralized work on the different age groups within it has been pending, since the experience of these changes can have different impacts and results over the life of the affected farmers.
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Keywords
Industria minera--Aspectos económicos--Perú--Cuzco, Industria minera--Aspectos ambientales--Perú--Cuzco, Comunidades campesinas--Perú--Cuzco, Personas adultas mayores--Perú--Cuzco
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