Impacto de la lengua nativa en la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) y desempeño educativo de los niños de las comunidades indígenas de lengua aimara
Date
2021-09-06
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Volume Title
Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
La gran diversidad cultural del Perú exige distintos requerimientos educativos
para cada una de sus comunidades, así, una educación equitativa permitiría el
acceso a un mayor número de oportunidades en el futuro profesional de los
niños. En este sentido, se plantea investigar la incidencia de la Educación
Intercultural Bilingüe en las comunidades peruanas, así como su buena
implementación en las escuelas. Se espera encontrar que, si una escuela EIB
está implementada de manera adecuada; es decir, que cuenta con un profesor
certificado en la lengua originaria y recibe los materiales educativos
correspondientes, el efecto en el rendimiento escolar de los niños será mayor en
comparación al caso de las escuelas EIB que no cumplan con los requisitos
mínimos. Para lograr este objetivo, la investigación aborda tres dimensiones
principales. En primer lugar, explicamos el desarrollo cognitivo y psicológico que
trae consigo la EIB. En segundo lugar, en la dimensión socio-cultural, se muestra
la EIB como un potenciador de la interculturalidad de las comunidades.
Finalmente, en la dimensión económica se justifica la importancia de la EIB a
partir de la Teoría del Capital Humano. Se espera encontrar que los alumnos
pertenecientes a una escuela EIB correctamente implementada, que cuenta con
profesores certificados y un buen uso del material educativo, tengan mejor
rendimiento. De la misma manera, se espera confirmar el uso de la lengua
originaria como una herramienta beneficiosa en el aprendizaje de los niños y
niñas. Finalmente, se espera atraer una mayor atención a esta problemática, así
como insistir en la importancia de la modalidad EIB para poder reducir las
brechas de educación en la población peruana.
Peru's great cultural diversity demands different educational requirements for each of its communities; thus, an equitable education would allow access to a greater number of opportunities in the professional future of children. In this sense, it is proposed to investigate the incidence of Intercultural Bilingual Education in Peruvian communities, as well as its good implementation in schools. It is expected to find that, if an IBE school is properly implemented, that is, if it has a teacher certified in the native language and receives the corresponding educational materials, the effect on children's school performance will be greater compared to the case of IBE schools that do not meet the minimum requirements. To achieve this objective, the research addresses three main dimensions. First, we explain the cognitive and psychological development provided by IBE. Second, in the socio-cultural dimension, we show IBE as an enhancer of interculturality in the communities. Finally, in the economic dimension, the importance of IBE is justified on the basis of Human Capital Theory. It is expected to find that students belonging to a properly implemented IBE school, which has certified teachers and a good use of educational material, have better performance. In the same way, it is expected to confirm the use of the native language as a beneficial tool in children's learning. Finally, it is expected to attract more attention to this issue, as well as to insist on the importance of the IBE modality in order to reduce the educational gaps in the Peruvian population.
Peru's great cultural diversity demands different educational requirements for each of its communities; thus, an equitable education would allow access to a greater number of opportunities in the professional future of children. In this sense, it is proposed to investigate the incidence of Intercultural Bilingual Education in Peruvian communities, as well as its good implementation in schools. It is expected to find that, if an IBE school is properly implemented, that is, if it has a teacher certified in the native language and receives the corresponding educational materials, the effect on children's school performance will be greater compared to the case of IBE schools that do not meet the minimum requirements. To achieve this objective, the research addresses three main dimensions. First, we explain the cognitive and psychological development provided by IBE. Second, in the socio-cultural dimension, we show IBE as an enhancer of interculturality in the communities. Finally, in the economic dimension, the importance of IBE is justified on the basis of Human Capital Theory. It is expected to find that students belonging to a properly implemented IBE school, which has certified teachers and a good use of educational material, have better performance. In the same way, it is expected to confirm the use of the native language as a beneficial tool in children's learning. Finally, it is expected to attract more attention to this issue, as well as to insist on the importance of the IBE modality in order to reduce the educational gaps in the Peruvian population.
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Keywords
Educación bilingüe--Perú, Aymaras--Educación--Perú, Lengua materna--Perú, Niños--Educación--Perú
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