Estado del arte sobre las tendencias del concepto y áreas de la Competencia Digital Docente
Date
2022-09-13
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
El presente estado del arte acerca de la Competencia Digital Docente (CDD) tiene por
objetivo identificar las tendencias del concepto y las formas de agrupación de las
competencias digitales del profesional docente. Se ha desarrollado a partir de la
búsqueda exhaustiva y sistemática de lo trabajado en diversas investigaciones
académicas, libros y trabajos de postgrado de los últimos años. Se estructura de
manera que, en un primer apartado, se desarrollan las tres tendencias identificadas
de la definición de CDD: habilidades técnicas, habilidades pedagógicas y la integral.
En un segundo apartado se expone las tendencias de agrupación de la competencia
digital del profesorado: pedagógico, instrumental, comunicativo, desarrollo
profesional, recursos educativos, evaluación, investigación, gestión, seguridad,
alfabetización digital y políticas educativas. Por último, se encuentra que el concepto
de CDD, se centra específicamente en la importancia de los enfoques orientados a
habilidades técnicas y pedagógicas; sin embargo, se analiza que éstas por sí solas no
favorecen los propósitos educativos, ni el desarrollo de competencias digitales del
educador. Por ello, desde diferentes autores la visión integracionista es considerada
como la más adecuada para el desarrollo profesional del educador. Además, se
plantea una nueva forma de analizar las formas de asociación de las competencias
digitales considerando el espacio donde se llevan a cabo: el aula y otros ámbitos.
Asimismo, se reflexiona sobre cómo estas tendencias de agrupación de las
competencias digitales pueden servir como referencia para la adquisición, la práctica
y el desarrollo de competencias digitales en el profesorado peruano, por ende,
favorecer el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje.
Palabras claves: competencia digital docente, tecnologías de la información y
comunicación, competencia tecnológica, competencia pedagógica.
The present state of the art on Digital Competence in Teaching (CDD) aims to identify the trends of the concept and the ways of grouping the digital competences of the teaching professional. It has been developed from the exhaustive and systematic search of the work done in various academic researches, books and graduate works in recent years. It is structured in such a way that, in a first section, the three identified trends of the definition of CDD are developed: technical skills, pedagogical skills and comprehensive skills. In a second section, the grouping trends of teachers' digital competence are presented: pedagogical, instrumental, communicative, professional development, educational resources, evaluation, research, management, security, digital literacy and educational policies. Finally, it is found that the concept of CDD, focuses specifically on the importance of approaches oriented to technical and pedagogical skills; however, it is analyzed that these alone do not favor the educational purposes, nor the development of digital competencies of the educator. Therefore, from different authors, the integrationist vision is considered as the most appropriate for the professional development of the educator. In addition, a new way of analyzing the forms of association of digital competencies is proposed, considering the space where they are carried out: the classroom and other environments. It also reflects on how these trends of grouping digital competencies can serve as a reference for the acquisition, practice and development of digital competencies in Peruvian teachers, thus favoring the teaching and learning process.
The present state of the art on Digital Competence in Teaching (CDD) aims to identify the trends of the concept and the ways of grouping the digital competences of the teaching professional. It has been developed from the exhaustive and systematic search of the work done in various academic researches, books and graduate works in recent years. It is structured in such a way that, in a first section, the three identified trends of the definition of CDD are developed: technical skills, pedagogical skills and comprehensive skills. In a second section, the grouping trends of teachers' digital competence are presented: pedagogical, instrumental, communicative, professional development, educational resources, evaluation, research, management, security, digital literacy and educational policies. Finally, it is found that the concept of CDD, focuses specifically on the importance of approaches oriented to technical and pedagogical skills; however, it is analyzed that these alone do not favor the educational purposes, nor the development of digital competencies of the educator. Therefore, from different authors, the integrationist vision is considered as the most appropriate for the professional development of the educator. In addition, a new way of analyzing the forms of association of digital competencies is proposed, considering the space where they are carried out: the classroom and other environments. It also reflects on how these trends of grouping digital competencies can serve as a reference for the acquisition, practice and development of digital competencies in Peruvian teachers, thus favoring the teaching and learning process.
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Keywords
Tecnología educativa, Personal docente, Tecnología de la información, Habilidades informativas
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