¿Se debe admitir la aplicación de la reforma en peor en la impugnación de actos administrativos derivados de los procedimientos administrativos de fijación de tarifas?
Date
2025-03-14
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Acceso al texto completo solo para la Comunidad PUCP
Abstract
La prohibición de reforma en peor tiene como propósito impedir que la
Administración Pública agrave la situación inicial del administrado a consecuencia
de la interposición de un recurso administrativo que este interpone. Sin embargo, los
Organismos Reguladores, como Osinergmin y Ositran, han adoptado la postura de
que existen procedimientos en los que no se debe aplicar esa restricción, como es el
caso de los procedimientos administrativo de fijación de tarifas. La jurisprudencia
administrativa ha decidido sin problemas excluir la aplicación de esa prohibición en
el ámbito tarifario. Sin embargo, nos preguntamos si es que la interpretación
realizada por la jurisprudencia se adecua al marco normativo de la materia y si las
razones alegadas son las correctas.
En atención al análisis efectuado en el presente artículo, se concluye que no se debe
admitir que la prohibición de la reforma en peor se excluya del ámbito de los
procedimientos administrativos de fijación de tarifas porque su aplicación no
desnaturaliza la función reguladora de los Organismos Reguladores. El numeral 198.2
del TUO de la LPAG es una disposición de carácter general; por lo que, es aplicable a
los procedimientos administrativos de fijación de tarifas.
La tutela del interés público no se pone en riesgo cuando se impide agravar la
situación inicial del administrado en la resolución que pone fin al procedimiento
recursivo. En caso, que la Administración detecte una afectación al interés público
tiene la facultad de declarar la nulidad de oficio, lo cual le garantiza al administrado
ejercer su derecho a la defensa antes que se agote la vía administrativa.
The prohibition of reform for the worse is intended to prevent the Public Administration from worsening the initial situation of the administered party as a result of the filing of an administrative appeal that the latter files. However, Regulatory Bodies, such as Osinergmin and Ositran, have adopted the position that there are procedures in which this restriction should not be applied, as is the case of administrative procedures for setting tariffs. Administrative jurisprudence has decided without problems to exclude the application of this prohibition in the tariff area. However, we wonder if the interpretation made by the jurisprudence is appropriate to the regulatory framework of the matter and if the reasons alleged are correct. Based on the analysis carried out in this article, it is concluded that it should not be admitted that the prohibition of reform for the worse be excluded from the scope of administrative procedures for setting tariffs because its application does not distort the regulatory function of the Regulatory Bodies. The protection of the public interest is not put at risk when the resolution that ends the appeal procedure prevents the initial situation of the citizen from worsening. In the event that the Administration detects an impact on the public interest, it has the power to declare the nullity ex officio, which guarantees the citizen the right to a defense before the administrative process is exhausted.
The prohibition of reform for the worse is intended to prevent the Public Administration from worsening the initial situation of the administered party as a result of the filing of an administrative appeal that the latter files. However, Regulatory Bodies, such as Osinergmin and Ositran, have adopted the position that there are procedures in which this restriction should not be applied, as is the case of administrative procedures for setting tariffs. Administrative jurisprudence has decided without problems to exclude the application of this prohibition in the tariff area. However, we wonder if the interpretation made by the jurisprudence is appropriate to the regulatory framework of the matter and if the reasons alleged are correct. Based on the analysis carried out in this article, it is concluded that it should not be admitted that the prohibition of reform for the worse be excluded from the scope of administrative procedures for setting tariffs because its application does not distort the regulatory function of the Regulatory Bodies. The protection of the public interest is not put at risk when the resolution that ends the appeal procedure prevents the initial situation of the citizen from worsening. In the event that the Administration detects an impact on the public interest, it has the power to declare the nullity ex officio, which guarantees the citizen the right to a defense before the administrative process is exhausted.
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Organismos reguladores--Perú, Procedimiento administrativo--Perú, Tarifas--Perú
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