Resiliencia y crecimiento postraumático en mujeres víctimas de violencia contra la mujer de Lima Metropolitana
Date
2020-09-28
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Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En la presente investigación se propuso como objetivo explorar la experiencia
de recuperación y los procesos de resiliencia y crecimiento postraumático en mujeres
víctimas de violencia contra la mujer. Para lograr los objetivos propuestos, se optó por
una metodología de historias de vida. Se contó con la participación de cuatro mujeres,
quienes contaron su historia de violencia y posterior proceso de recuperación. A partir
de estas cuatro historias se analizaron los hitos en común, lo cual permitió comprender
de forma compleja y profunda los significados de las historias de las mujeres
participantes de la investigación. Además, estas historias permitieron realizar un
análisis en el que se encontraron aspectos de su vida que les permitieron afrontar y
crecer luego de la experiencia adversa. Con base a los resultados encontrados, se
puede concluir que, a pesar de la diversidad de las experiencias de estas mujeres, se
han encontrado hitos transversales a partir de los cuales se ha podido ver el desarrollo
y consecuencias de la violencia. Asimismo, pese a las experiencias de violencia, ellas
identifican aspectos personales y externos que las ayudaron a salir adelante y crecer.
Por esta razón, se resalta la importancia del enfoque de potencialidades de las
víctimas, que pone en el centro de atención sus capacidades de agencia. Finalmente,
ya que la violencia contra la mujer se deriva de una violencia estructural, también
enfatiza la formación de los profesionales en este enfoque, para que logren romper
sus prejuicios y formar herramientas útiles.
The aim of the present study was to explore the experience of recovery and the processes of resilience and post-traumatic growth in the life stories of women victims of violence against women. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a life-history methodology was chosen. Four women told their personal history of violence and subsequent recovery process. From these four stories, the common milestones were analysed, which allowed the exploration of the complex and profound meanings of the stories of the women participating in the research. Furthermore, these stories allowed an analysis of the aspects of their life that allowed them to face and grow after the adverse experience. Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that even with diverse experiences, transversal milestones and consequences of violence were found. Also, despite the experiences of violence, the women were able to identify personal and external aspects that helped them cope and grow after the violence. For this reason, the importance of the approach focused on the potentialities of the victims is highlighted, which puts their capacity of agency in the spotlight. Finally, since violence against women derives from structural violence, it also emphasizes the training of professionals under this approach, so that they can break their prejudices and form useful tools.
The aim of the present study was to explore the experience of recovery and the processes of resilience and post-traumatic growth in the life stories of women victims of violence against women. In order to achieve the proposed objective, a life-history methodology was chosen. Four women told their personal history of violence and subsequent recovery process. From these four stories, the common milestones were analysed, which allowed the exploration of the complex and profound meanings of the stories of the women participating in the research. Furthermore, these stories allowed an analysis of the aspects of their life that allowed them to face and grow after the adverse experience. Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that even with diverse experiences, transversal milestones and consequences of violence were found. Also, despite the experiences of violence, the women were able to identify personal and external aspects that helped them cope and grow after the violence. For this reason, the importance of the approach focused on the potentialities of the victims is highlighted, which puts their capacity of agency in the spotlight. Finally, since violence against women derives from structural violence, it also emphasizes the training of professionals under this approach, so that they can break their prejudices and form useful tools.
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Keywords
Violencia contra la mujer--Perú-Lima, Resiliencia, Trastorno por stress postraumático
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