Representaciones sociales de la masculinidad en hombres bailarines profesionales de ballet clásico de Lima Metropolitana
Date
2021-01-16
Authors
Casapia Nakandakari, Eimy
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Publisher
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Abstract
En el Perú, el ballet clásico no es visibilizado en la sociedad, y aquellos aspectos que son
vinculados resultan erróneos. La masculinidad en los bailarines de ballet clásico es un aspecto
nulo, dado que son asociados a lo contrario de este, la feminidad. Ante ello, la sociedad
mantiene representaciones sociales de los bailarines fundamentándose en los ideales de la
sociedad. A partir de lo mencionado, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo explorar las
representaciones sociales de la masculinidad en hombres bailarines profesionales de ballet
clásico de Lima Metropolitana. Para ello, se realizaron 7 entrevistas a bailarines profesionales
de ballet clásico, quienes cumplen o han cumplido el nivel de primer bailarín o solistas de la
compañía del Ballet Municipal de Lima entre los 26 - 60 años. Estas se analizaron a partir de
una entrevista semiestructurada sobre su formación como estudiantes, su carrera profesional
como bailarines y su visión del futuro como agentes de cambio. Por ello, esta investigación
cualitativa mantiene un diseño narrativo, el cual permitirá explorar estas representaciones
sociales de la masculinidad a lo largo de 3 periodos: pasado, presente y futuro. Dentro de los
resultados encontrados, en el pasado se abarcó la infancia y adolescencia de los candidatos,
mostrando así cómo se han iniciado en el ballet clásico (entre los 8 a los 10 años), y la
importancia de tener apoyo de los pares para poder enfrentar un posible rechazo de la sociedad.
Luego, durante el presente contiene a la adultez en donde se muestra cómo las representaciones
sociales de la masculinidad en los bailarines se presentan a través de la asociación de ser
bailarín con la homosexualidad; sin embargo, se muestra que el bailarín muestra lo contrario a
lo que piensa la sociedad a través de características como fuerte, musculoso, etc. Por último,
durante el futuro se observa que los bailarines pueden ser agentes de cambio ante esta
problemática.
In Peru, classical ballet is not made visible in society, and those aspects that are linked are wrong. Masculinity in classical ballet dancers is a null aspect, since they are associated with the opposite of this, femininity. Given this, society maintains social representations of dancers based on the ideals of society. From the aforementioned, the present research aims to explore the social representations of masculinity in male professional classical ballet dancers from Metropolitan Lima. For this, 7 interviews were conducted with professional classical ballet dancers, who meet or have met the level of first dancer or soloists of the company of the Municipal Ballet of Lima between 26 - 60 years. These were analyzed from a semi-structured interview about their training as students, their professional career as dancers and their vision of the future as agents of change. For this reason, this qualitative research maintains a narrative design, which will allow exploring these social representations of masculinity over 3 periods: past, present and future. Among the results found, in the past the candidates' childhood and adolescence were covered, thus showing how they have started in classical ballet (between 8 and 10 years old), and the importance of having peer support in order to face a possible rejection from society. Then, during the present it contains adulthood where it is shown how the social representations of masculinity in dancers are presented through the association of being a dancer with homosexuality; However, it is shown that the dancer shows the opposite of what society thinks through characteristics such as strong, muscular, etc. Finally, in the future it is observed that dancers can be agents of change in the face of this problem.
In Peru, classical ballet is not made visible in society, and those aspects that are linked are wrong. Masculinity in classical ballet dancers is a null aspect, since they are associated with the opposite of this, femininity. Given this, society maintains social representations of dancers based on the ideals of society. From the aforementioned, the present research aims to explore the social representations of masculinity in male professional classical ballet dancers from Metropolitan Lima. For this, 7 interviews were conducted with professional classical ballet dancers, who meet or have met the level of first dancer or soloists of the company of the Municipal Ballet of Lima between 26 - 60 years. These were analyzed from a semi-structured interview about their training as students, their professional career as dancers and their vision of the future as agents of change. For this reason, this qualitative research maintains a narrative design, which will allow exploring these social representations of masculinity over 3 periods: past, present and future. Among the results found, in the past the candidates' childhood and adolescence were covered, thus showing how they have started in classical ballet (between 8 and 10 years old), and the importance of having peer support in order to face a possible rejection from society. Then, during the present it contains adulthood where it is shown how the social representations of masculinity in dancers are presented through the association of being a dancer with homosexuality; However, it is shown that the dancer shows the opposite of what society thinks through characteristics such as strong, muscular, etc. Finally, in the future it is observed that dancers can be agents of change in the face of this problem.
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Keywords
Masculinidad en el arte, Ballet--Perú--Lima, Representaciones sociales--Perú, Masculinidad--Perú--Aspectos psicológicos
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